Pharmacognosy and Pharmaco biotechnology 2nd Edition by Ashutosh Kar 8122419607 9788122419603

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ISBN 10: 8122419607 

ISBN 13: 9788122419603

Author: Ashutosh Kar

Table of contents:

1.1 Pharmacognosy-A Brief History
1.2.1 Serve as Extremely Useful Natural Drugs
1.2.3 Exploration of Biological–Active–Prototypes towards Newer and Better Synthetic Drugs
1.2.4 Modificaton of Inactive Natural Products by Suitable Biological/Chemical Means into Potent Drugs
1.3.1 Plant Products
1.3.3 Microbial Metabolites
1.3.4 Animal Derivatives
1.4 Phytochemistry
1.4.1 Constituents
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Theory
2.2.2 Third Revolution in Modern Medicine
2.2.5 Reverse Transcriptase (RT)
2.2.7 From Nervous System to Immune System
2.2.11 Recombinant Vaccination Vector
2.3.2 Restriction Enzymes
2.3.4 Cloning Vector
2.3.5 Hybridization Probes
2.3.6 Cloning Process
2.4.1 Bacterial Systems
2.4.2 Glycosylation
2.5 Biotechnology Vs Modern Pharmacy Practice
2.5.1 Human Proteins as Drugs
2.5.2 New Drug Classes
2.5.3 Vaccines
2.5.4 New Immunodiagnostic Agents
2.5.5 DNA Probes and RFLP Analysis
2.5.6 Enzyme Linked Immunosorbant Assay (ELISA)
2.6 Biotechnology Based Pharmaceuticals for the Millennium
2.6.1 Genetically Engineered Vaccine
2.6.2 Gene Splicing and DNA Recombinant Procedures
2.6.3 Antibodies in Biotechnology
2.6.4 Gene Therapy
2.6.5 3D Picture of the ‘Lock’ and ‘Keys’
2.7.1 Approved Medicines
2.7.3 Human Clone
2.8.2 Functional Food Revolution
3.1 Introduction
3.2.1 Homoglycans
3.2.2 Heteroglycans
3.3 Carbohydrate Biogenesis
4.1 Introduction
4.1.3 N-Glycosides
4.1.4 C-Glycosides
4.2.1 Anthracene Glycosides (or Anthraquinone Glycosides)
4.2.2 Phenol Glycosides
4.2.3 Steroid Glycosides
4.2.4 Flavonoid Glycosides
4.2.5 Coumarin and Furanocoumarin Glycosides
4.2.6 Cyanogenetic Glycosides
4.2.7 Thioglycosides
4.2.8 Saponin Glycosides
4.2.9 Aldehyde Glycosides
4.2.10 Bitter Glycosides
4.2.11 Miscellaneous Glycosides
4.3 Biosynthesis of Glycosides
4.3.1 Biosynthesis of Anthracene Glycosides
4.3.4 Biosynthesis of Flavonoid Glycosides
4.3.5 Biosynthesis of Coumarin and Furanocoumarin Glycosides
4.3.6 Biosynthesis of Cyanogenetic Glycosides
4.3.8 Biosynthesis of Saponin Glycosides
4.4 Profile of Glycosides in Natural Plant Sources
5.1 Introduction
5.2.1 Monoterpenoids
5.2.2 Sesquiterpenoids
5.2.3 Diterpenoids
5.2.4 Triterpenoids
5.2.5 Tetraterpenoids and Carotenoids
5.2.6 Volatile Oils (or Essential Oils)
5.2.7 Resins and Resin Combinations
5.2.8 Oleoresins
5.2.9 Oleo-Gum-Resins
6.2 Classification
6.2.1 Hydroxycinnamic Acids
6.2.2 Phenylpropenes
6.2.3 Coumarins
6.2.4 Abridged Phenylpropanoids
6.2.5 Biphenylpropanoid Derivatives
6.2.6 High Molecular Weight Phenylpropanoids
6.3 Biosynthesis of Phenylpropanoids
7.1 Introduction
7.1.2 Occurrence and Distribution in Different Organs of Plant
7.1.4 Function of Alkaloids in Plants
7.1.5 Isomerism
7.1.6 General Characteristics of Alkaloids
7.1.7 General Methods of Extraction and Isolation of Alkaloids
7.2 Classification of Alkaloids
7.2.1 Alkaloids Derived from Amination Reactions
7.2.2 Alkaloids Derived from Anthranilic Acid
7.2.3 Alkaloids Derived from Histidine
7.2.4 Alkaloids Derived from Lysine
7.2.5 Alkaloids Derived from Nicotinic Acid
7.2.6 Alkaloids Derived from Ornithine
7.2.7 Alkaloids Derived from Tyrosine
7.2.8 Alkaloids Derived from Tryptophan
7.3 Alkaloids in Tissue Cultures
7.4 Alkaloids in Chemosystematics
8.2 Classification of Bitter Principles
8.2.1 Phenolic Bitter Principles
8.2.2 Lactone Bitter Principles
8.2.3 Chromone Bitter Principles
8.2.4 Coumarin Bitter Principles
8.2.5 Coumarone Bitter Principles
8.2.6 Miscellaneous Bitter Principles
9.1 Introduction
9.2.1 Quest for New Antibiotics
9.2.2 Large-Scale Production
9.3.1 Aminoglycosides
9.3.2 Anthracyclines
9.3.3 Cephalosporins
9.3.4 β-Lactams
9.3.5 Lincosamides
9.3.6 Macrolides
9.3.7 Penicillins
9.3.8 Polypeptide Antibiotics
9.3.9 Tetracyclines
9.3.10 Miscellaneous Antibiotics
10.1 Introduction
10.2.1 Cytotoxic/Antineoplastic Agents
10.2.2 Cardiovascular Active Drugs
10.2.3 Marine Toxins
10.2.4 Antimicrobial Drugs
10.2.5 Antibiotic Substances
10.2.6 Antiinflammatory and Antispasmodic Agents
10.2.7 Miscellaneous Pharmacologically Active Substances
10.3.1 Microbial Transformations
10.3.2 Puupehenone: Semisynthetic Analogues
10.4 Summary
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Phytochemicals as Nutraceuticals
11.2.1 Terpenoids (or Isoprenoids)
11.2.2 Non-Carotenoid Terpenoids
11.2.3 Polyphenolics [or Polyphenol Extracts]
11.2.4 Phenolic Acids
11.2.5 Non-Flavonoid Polyphenolics
11.2.6 Glucosinolates [or Thioglucosides]
11.2.7 Thiosulphinates [or Cysteine Sulphoxides]
11.2.8 Phytosterols
11.2.9 Anthraquinones
11.2.10 Glucosamine [Synonym: Chitosamine]
11.2.11 Octacosanol [Synonym: Octacosyl Alcohol]
11.2.12 Carnitine [Synonym: g-Trimethyl-b-hydroxybutyrobetaine]
11.2.13 Capsaicin [Synonyms: Axsain; Mioton; Zacin; Zostrix]
11.2.15 Chlorophyll
11.2.18 Tocotrienols and Tocopherols
11.2.19 α-Lipoic Acid and Ubiquinones
11.3 Contemporary Nutraceuticals
11.3.2 Broccoli
11.3.3 Aloe Vera Gel and Aloe Juice
11.3.5 Omega-3 Fatty Acids
11.3.8 Certified Organic Mushroom Nutrace
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Enzyme Variants
12.3 Enzymes of Pharmaceutical Relevance and Utility
12.4.3 Collagenase
12.4.7 Muramidase
12.4.9 Pancreatin
12.4.13 Seratiopeptidase
12.4.15 Urokinase
12.5 Introduction
12.6 Protein Variants
12.7.1 Complement Protein (Complement Factor C-3)
12.7.3 Collagen [Synonym: Ossien]
12.7.4 Casein [Latin: caseus = cheese]
12.7.6 Yeast
12.7.7 Thaumatin [Synonym: Talin]
13.1 Introduction
13.2.1 Type of Cultures
13.2.2 Composition of Culture Medium
13.2.3 Surface Sterilization of Explants
13.2.4 Preparation of Tissue Cultures
13.3 Biomedicinals in Plant-Tissue Cultures
13.3.1 Secondary Metabolites
13.3.2 Usefulness of Secondary Metabolites
13.3.3 Secondary Metabolites in Chemosystematics
13.3.4 Newer Products Developed
13.4 Bioproduction of Commendable Secondary Metabolites
14.1 Introduction
14.2 High Throughput Screening (HTS)
14.2.1 HTS and Bioassays
14.2.2 Access to Plants vis-a-vis Natural Source Materials
14.2.3 HTS and Selection for Plant Materials
14.2.4 Identification Process of Plants for Targeted Sets
14.3 Success of HTS of Plant Source Materials for New Lead Chemical Entities
14.3.1 Use of MS for Identification of Potent Biologically Active and Important Drug Molecules
14.4.1 Genistein [Syn. Genisteol; Prunetol]
14.4.3 Rhein [Syn: Monorhein; Rheic Acid; Cassic Acid; Parietic Acid; Rhubarb Yellow]
14.4.5 Homoharringtonine (HHT)
15.1 Introduction
15.2.1 Cardiovascular Drugs
15.2.3 Antidiabetic Drugs
15.2.4 Antineoplastic Drugs
15.2.5 Antiviral Drugs

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Tags: Ashutosh Kar, Pharmacognosy, Pharmaco, biotechnology