Responsible Innovation Managing the Responsible Emergence of Science and Innovation in Society 1st Edition by Richard Owen, John Bessant, Maggy Heintz 1119966361 9781119966364

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ISBN 10: 1119966361 

ISBN 13: 9781119966364

Author: Richard Owen, John Bessant, Maggy Heintz

Science and innovation have the power to transform our lives and the world we live in – for better or worse – in ways that often transcend borders and generations: from the innovation of complex financial products that played such an important role in the recent financial crisis to current proposals to intentionally engineer our Earth’s climate. The promise of science and innovation brings with it ethical dilemmas and impacts which are often uncertain and unpredictable: it is often only once these have emerged that we feel able to control them. How do we undertake science and innovation responsibly under such conditions, towards not only socially acceptable, but socially desirable goals and in a way that is democratic, equitable and sustainable? Responsible innovation challenges us all to think about our responsibilities for the future, as scientists, innovators and citizens, and to act upon these.

This book begins with a description of the current landscape of innovation and in subsequent chapters offers perspectives on the emerging concept of responsible innovation and its historical foundations, including key elements of a responsible innovation approach and examples of practical implementation.  

Written in a constructive and accessible way, Responsible Innovation includes chapters on:

• Innovation and its management in the 21st century
• A vision and framework for responsible innovation
• Concepts of future-oriented responsibility as an underpinning philosophy
• Values – sensitive design
• Key themes of anticipation, reflection, deliberation and responsiveness
• Multi – level governance and regulation
• Perspectives on responsible innovation in finance, ICT, geoengineering and nanotechnology

Essentially multidisciplinary in nature, this landmark text combines research from the fields of science and technology studies, philosophy, innovation governance, business studies and beyond to address the question, “How do we ensure the responsible emergence of science and innovation in society?”

Table of contents:

1. Innovation in the Twenty-First Century
John Bessant

1.1 Introduction
1.2 How Can We Innovate? – Innovation as a Process
1.3 Where Could We Innovate? – Innovation Strategy
1.4 Reframing Innovation
1.5 Reframing Challenges for Twenty-First Century Innovation
1.5.1 The Spaghetti Challenge
1.5.2 The Sappho Challenge – Bringing Stakeholders into the Frame
1.5.3 The Sustainability Challenge – Innovation for Sustainable Development
1.6 Emergent Properties of the New Innovation Environment

2. A Framework for Responsible Innovation
Richard Owen, Jack Stilgoe, Phil Macnaghten, Mike Gorman, Erik Fisher, and Dave Guston

2.1 Introduction
2.2 Context: the Imperative for Responsible Innovation
2.2.1 Re-evaluating the Social Contract for Science and Innovation
2.2.2 The Responsibility Gap
2.2.3 The Dilemma of Control
2.2.4 Products and Purposes: the Democratic Governance of Intent
2.3 Locating Responsible Innovation within Prospective Dimensions of Responsibility
2.4 Four Dimensions of Responsible Innovation
2.5 Responsible Innovation: from Principles to Practice
2.5.1 Some Experiments in Responsible Innovation
2.6 Toward the Future: Building Capacity for Responsible Innovation

3. A Vision of Responsible Research and Innovation
René von Schomberg

3.1 Introduction: Technical Inventions, Innovation, and Responsibility
3.2 Responsible Research and Innovation and the Quest for the Right Impacts of Research
3.3 Defining the Right Impacts and Outcomes of Research
3.4 From Normative Anchor Points Toward the Defining of “Grand Challenges” and the Direction of Innovation
3.5 Responsible Research and Innovation: Organizing Collective Responsibility
3.5.1 Some Examples of Irresponsible Innovation
3.6 A Framework for Responsible Research and Innovation
3.6.1 Use of Technology Assessment and Technology Foresight
3.6.2 Application of Precautionary Principle
3.6.3 Innovation Governance
3.7 Outlook

4. Value Sensitive Design and Responsible Innovation
Jeroen van den Hoven

4.1 Introduction
4.2 Innovation and Moral Overload
4.3 Values and Design
4.4 Responsible Innovation

5. Responsible Innovation – Opening Up Dialogue and Debate
Kathy Sykes and Phil Macnaghten

5.1 A Short History of Controversies about Science and Technology
5.2 The Evolution of Public Engagement
5.3 The Case of Genetically Modified Foods in the UK
5.4 Sciencewise and the Institutional Embedding of Public Engagement in the UK
5.5 Motivations for Public Dialogue
5.6 The Claims for Public Dialogue
5.7 How (and When) Can Debate and Dialogue Be Opened Up?
5.8 The Substance of Public Concerns and Their Implications for Governance
5.9 Concluding Remarks

6. “Daddy, Can I Have a Puddle Gator?”: Creativity, Anticipation, and Responsible Innovation
David H. Guston

6.1 Introduction
6.2 Understanding Anticipation
6.3 The Politics of Novelty
6.4 The Challenge of Speculative Ethics
6.5 Conclusion

7. What Is “Responsible” about Responsible Innovation? Understanding the Ethical Issues
Alexei Grinbaum and Christopher Groves

7.1 Introduction
7.2 The Changing Meaning of Responsibility
7.2.1 From the Divine Corporation to the Sovereign Individual
7.2.2 Knowledge, Uncertainty, and Human Finitude
7.2.3 Reciprocal and Non-Reciprocal Responsibility
7.3 Beyond the Sovereign Individual: Collective Responsibility, Desire, and Cultural Narratives
7.3.1 Passion Sits Alongside Reason
7.3.2 Non-Consequentialist Individual Responsibility
7.3.3 Collective Political Responsibility
7.3.4 The Virtues of Responsible Innovation
7.3.5 Narratives Take over Where Cost–Benefit Analysis Fails
7.4 Conclusion: Responsibility and Meaning

8. Adaptive Governance for Responsible Innovation
Robert G. Lee and Judith Petts

8.1 Introduction
8.2 Risk and Adaptive Governance
8.3 Responsibility and Accountability
8.4 The Rationale for Regulation
8.5 Risk Regulation and Accountability for Product Safety
8.6 The Adaptation of Risk Regulation
8.7 Adaptive Innovation Governance: Limits and Needs
8.8 Conclusion

9. Responsible Innovation: Multi-Level Dynamics and Soft Intervention Practices
Erik Fisher and Arie Rip

9.1 Introduction
9.2 Discourse and Activities at Different Levels of Governance
9.2.1 International and Bi-Lateral Meetings
9.2.2 Legislative Initiatives
9.2.3 Research Funding Agencies
9.2.4 Intermediary Organizations and Consortia
9.2.5 Concrete Activities
9.3 Two Cases of “Soft” Intervention
9.3.1 STIRing the Capacities of Science and Innovation Practitioners
9.3.2 Constructive Technology Assessment (CTA) of Newly Emerging Science and Technology
9.4 Concluding Observations on Governance

10. Responsible Innovation in Finance: Directions and Implications
Fabian Muniesa and Marc Lenglet

10.1 Introduction
10.2 Perspectives on Responsible Innovation in Finance
10.2.1 Perspective on Function
10.2.2 Perspective on Moral Rules
10.2.3 Perspective on Internalized Values
10.2.4 Perspective on Aggregate Consequences
10.2.5 Perspective on Accountability
10.2.6 Perspective on Precaution
10.2.7 Perspective on Democracy
10.3 Some Directions for Further Reflection
10.4 Conclusion

11. Responsible Research and Innovation in Information and Communication Technology: Identifying and Engaging with the Ethical Implications of ICTs
Bernd Carsten Stahl, Grace Eden, and Marina Jirotka

11.1 Introduction
11.2 Conceptualizing Responsibility and Responsible Research and Innovation in ICT
11.2.1 Responsibility as a Social Ascription
11.2.2 Responsible Research and Innovation as Meta-Responsibility
11.2.3 Responsible Research and Innovation: the Four “P”s
11.3 Building a Framework for RRI in ICT
11.3.1 Product: ICTs and Their Ethical Implications
11.3.2 People: Landscape of ICT Ethics
11.3.3 Process: Governance of RRI in ICT
11.4 Critical Reflections
11.4.1 The Meta-Responsibilities of RRI
11.4.2 Further Research

12. Deliberation and Responsible Innovation: a Geoengineering Case Study
Karen Parkhill, Nick Pidgeon, Adam Corner, and Naomi Vaughan

12.1 Introduction
12.2 Public Perceptions of Geoengineering
12.3 Exploring Public Perceptions of Geoengineering: an Empirical Study
12.3.1 Context
12.3.2 Method: Deliberating SPICE
12.3.3 Analysis
12.4 Public Perceptions of Geoengineering through the Lens of Responsible Innovation
12.4.1 Intentions
12.4.2 Responsibility
12.4.3 Impacts
12.4.4 The Role of the Public
12.5 Conclusion: Geoengineering – Responsible Innovation?

13. Visions, Hype, and Expectations: a Place for Responsibility
Elena Simakova and Christopher Coenen

13.1 Introduction
13.2 The Repertoires of Nano Futures
13.3 Narratives of Responsibility
13.3.1 Narrative 1: Nanofutures, Boundary Work and Technology Assessment Activities in the US and Germany
13.3.2 Narrative 2: Responsibility as Knowledge and Technology Transfer in the United States
13.4 Narratives, Visions and Conflicts: Lessons for RRI?

Endnotes: Building Capacity for Responsible Innovation
Jonny Hankins

Building Capacity for Responsible Innovation: Awareness and Engagement

Less Stick and More Carrot: Building Capacity through Education

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