Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy 66 1st Edition by Graham A Webb ISBN 9780123747372

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ISBN 13: 9780123747372
Author: Graham A Webb

NMR is an analytical tool used by chemists and physicists to study the structure and dynamics of molecules. In recent years, no other technique has gained such significance as NMR spectroscopy. It is used in all branches of science in which precise structural determination is required and in which the nature of interactions and reactions in solution is being studied. Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy has established itself as a premier means for the specialist and non-specialist alike to become familiar with new techniques and applications of NMR spectroscopy.

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is an analytical tool used by chemists and physicists to study the structure and dynamics of molecules. In recent years, no other technique has gained such significance as NMR spectroscopy. It is used in all branches of science in which precise structural determination is required and in which the nature of interactions and reactions in solution is being studied. Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy has established itself as a premier means for the specialist and non-specialist alike to become familiar with new techniques and applications of NMR spectroscopy.

Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy 66 1st Table of contents:

Chapter One: Profiles of Multiple Quantum NMR Coherences in a Gas of Spin-1/2 Molecules in Nanopores
1. Introduction
2. MQ NMR Spin Dynamics in a Nanopore
3. Numerical Simulations of Spin-1/2 Particle Dynamics in a Nanopore
3.1. Profile of the low-order coherence intensities
3.1.1. On explicit dependence of distribution function (1.18) on the number N of spin-1/2 particles
3.2. Profiles of higher order coherence intensities
3.2.1. On explicit dependence of distribution functions (1.21) and (1.22) on the number N of spin-1/
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter Two: Diffusion in Nanoporous Host Systems
1. Introduction
2. Phase Equilibria Under Confinements
2.1. Gas–liquid equilibria
2.2. Liquid–solid equilibria
3. Diffusion During Gas–Liquid Phase Transitions
3.1. Surface diffusion
3.2. Diffusion in the gaseous phase
3.3. Diffusion during the formation of capillary-condensed domains
3.4. Diffusion under varying temperature
3.5. Non-equilibrium behaviour
4. Diffusion During Melting/Freezing
5. Diffusion During Other Phase Transitions
5.1. Diffusion during liquid–liquid phase separation
5.2. Diffusion during structural transitions
5.3. Diffusion in supercritical phases
6. Conclusions
Acknowledgement
References
Chapter Three: NMR Studies of Nonionic Surfactants
1. Introduction
2. NMR Theory
2.1. Quadrupole and dipole splittings
2.2. Relaxation
3. Experimental Aspects
3.1. CSs, line splittings, and relaxation rates
3.1.1. Free induction decay
3.1.2. Spin echo
3.1.3. Quadrupole echo
3.1.4. Inversion recovery
3.1.5. Separated local field
3.2. Positions and displacements
3.2.1. Imaging
3.2.2. Diffusion
4. Applications
4.1. Phase behaviour
4.2. Self-aggregation in solution
4.2.1. Micelles
4.2.2. Microemulsions
4.3. Water pore space morphology
4.3.1. Non-ideal mesophase structure
4.3.2. Domain size
4.3.3. Domain alignment and phase separation
4.4. Surfactant chain order, conformation, and dynamics
4.4.1. Conformation and order
4.4.2. Dynamics
4.4.3. Interactions between water and ethylene oxide
4.5. Adsorption on polymers and surfaces
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter Four: Recent Advances in Solid-State NMR of Alkaline Earth Elements
1. Introduction
2. Magnetic Resonance Properties of NMR Active Isotopes of Alkaline Earth Elements and Background NM
2.1. Factors affecting the sensitivity in NMR
2.2. Nuclear spin interactions
2.3. Practical considerations for alleviating the sensitivity problem and achieving successful 25Mg,
2.3.1. Isotopic enrichment
2.3.2. Choice of magnetic field
2.3.3. Choice of NMR probe
2.3.4. Distortions in the spectra of low-γ nuclei
2.3.5. The problem of long relaxation times
2.3.6. Signal enhancement techniques for quadrupolar nuclei in solids
2.3.6.1. Spin-echo-based techniques
2.3.6.2. Sensitivity enhancement by manipulating the spin populations
2.3.6.3. Cross-polarization
2.3.7. Techniques for acquiring wideline and ultra-wideline spectra
2.3.8. Extraction of spectral parameters from the solid-state NMR spectra
2.3.9. Signal referencing
2.4. First-principles calculations of NMR parameters
3. An Overview of the Early Results from the Solid-State NMR of Alkaline Earth Nuclei
4. Current Chemical and Biological Research with Solid-State NMR of Alkaline Earth Nuclei
4.1. Recent experimental developments for increased sensitivity and resolution in solid-state NMR of
4.2. Merging experimental solid-state NMR and first principles calculation for crystalline materials
4.3. Chemical and materials research with solid-state NMR of alkaline earth nuclei
4.3.1. Chemical processes and ceramics
4.3.2. Glasses
4.3.3. Cement and geopolymers
4.4. NMR of alkaline earth nuclei in biological molecules and biominerals
4.4.1. 25Mg and 43Ca NMR of metal centres
4.4.2. Biominerals and biomineralization
4.4.2.1. Hydroxyapatite and bones
4.4.2.2. Calcium oxalate and renal stones
4.4.2.3. Calcium carbonate
4.5. NMR of alkaline earth elements in metals and high-Tc superconductors
4.5.1. 25Mg NMR in the metallic state
4.5.2. 25Mg NMR in MgB2
4.5.3. 43Ca NMR in studies of high-TC superconductors
5. Conclusions and Outlook
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter Five: Solid-State NMR of High-Pressure Silicates in the Earth´s Mantle
1. Introduction
2. Introduction to Solid-State NMR
2.1. Nuclear spin interactions
2.1.1. Chemical shielding
2.1.2. Dipole coupling
2.1.3. J-coupling interaction
2.1.4. Quadrupolar interaction
2.1.5. Paramagnetic interactions
2.2. NMR experimental methods
2.2.1. Magic-angle spinning
2.2.2. Double rotation
2.2.3. Dynamic angle spinning
2.2.4. Multiple-quantum MAS
2.2.5. Satellite-transition MAS
2.2.6. Wideline NMR
2.2.7. Dipolar decoupling
2.2.8. Cross polarisation
2.2.9. Calculation of NMR parameters
2.2.10. Studying dynamics using NMR spectroscopy
2.3. Commonly studied nuclei in NMR of mantle silicates
2.3.1. 1H (I=1/2)
2.3.2. 2H (I=1)
2.3.3. 29Si (I=1/2)
2.3.4. 19F (I=1/2)
2.3.5. 17O (I=5/2)
2.3.6. 25Mg (I=5/2)
2.3.7. 27Al (I=5/2)
3. Mantle Silicates
3.1. Structure of the mantle
3.2. Synthesis of high-pressure silicates
4. Solid-State NMR Studies of Mantle Silicates
4.1. The upper mantle
4.1.1. Forsterite
4.1.2. Pyroxenes
4.1.3. Hydrous upper mantle minerals
4.2. The transition zone
4.2.1. Wadsleyite
4.2.2. Ringwoodite
4.2.3. Majorite
4.2.4. Akimotoite
4.3. The lower mantle
4.3.1. Perovskite
4.4. Other dense silicate phases
4.4.1. Phase B
4.4.2. Superhydrous phase B
4.4.3. Phase D
4.4.4. Phases A and E
4.4.5. 10 Å Phase
5. Conclusionsa

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