Contemporary Ergonomics 2004 1st Edition by Paul Mccabe 0849323428 9780849323423
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ISBN 10: 0849323428
ISBN 13: 9780849323423
Author: Paul T. Mccabe
The broad and developing scope of ergonomics has been illustrated over the past fifteen years by the books that make up the Contemporary Ergonomics series. Presenting the proceedings of the Ergonomics Society’s annual conference, the series embraces the wide range of topics covered by ergonomics. Individual papers provide insight into current pract
Table of contents:
SLIPS, TRIPS & FALLS
Predicting Losses of Balance on Moving Platforms
Introduction
Method
Tasks
Procedure
Results
Ship motions
MIIs
Tipping Coefficients
Discussion
References
MINIMUM GOING REQUIREMENTS AND FRICTION DEMANDS DURING STAIR DESCENT
Introduction
Terminology
Experimental Method
Results and Discussion
Conclusions
Further work
References
SLIP, TRIP AND FALL ACCIDENTS IN A SOUTH AFRICAN AUTOMOTIVE PLANT: PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS
Introduction
Methodology
In Situ Testing
Laboratory Testing
Informed Consent
Demographic and Anthropometric Data
Results and Discussion
Other Considerations
Conclusions and Recommendations
Reference List
SLIP, TRIP, FALL RELATED HAZARDS AT A FOOTBALL STADIUM
Introduction
Methods
Findings
Physical design and layout of seating area
Spectator behaviour and fall risk
Fall consequences
Conclusions
References
ASSESSING SPECTATOR SAFETY IN SEATED AREAS AT A FOOTBALL STADIUM
Introduction
Assessing crowd safety risks—the methodological issues
The risk assessment of standing in seated areas
Risk data and information
Site survey and ergonomics assessment
Assessment of risks
Conclusions
References
OPTIMAL CLEANING FOR SAFER FLOORS
Slip and fall accidents in Québec
Addressing the problem through optimal floor cleaning
Floor cleaners
Floor contaminants
Floorings
Cleaning Methods
Measuring the cleaning efficiency
Results
Damp versus immersion mopping
Impact of fat concentration
Impact of the temperature of the cleaning solution
Optimal cleaning conditions
Acknowledgements
References
COMPARISON OF STANDARD FOOTWEAR FOR THE OIL WET RAMP SLIP RESISTANCE TEST
Introduction
Work program
Experimental results
Discussion of results
Conclusions
References
USING A STATISTICAL MODEL TO ESTIMATE THE PROBABILITY OF A SLIP ON PORTABLE LADDERS
Introduction
Proposed Model
Results and Discussion
Conclusions
References
A SURVEY OF FLOOR SLIPPERINESS AND EXPERIENCE OF SLIPS AND FALLS IN RESTAURANTS IN TAIWAN
Introduction
Methods
Restaurants and Participants
Major Working Areas
Survey of experience of slips and falls and floor slipperiness
Results and Discussion
Subjective rating of floor slipperiness
Experience of slips and falls in the kitchen
Types of shoes and degree of shoe tread wear
Other slippery areas
Conclusion
References
IMPROVING SLIP RESISTANCE WITH OPTIMAL FLOOR CLEANING: A PRELIMINARY FIELD STUDY
Introduction
Site description
Friction Measurements
Cleaning methods
Results
Data representation
Zones indirectly exposed to fat accumulation
Zones directly exposed to fat accumulation
Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Investigating Slips, Trips and Falls in Two Major New Zealand Industries
Introduction
Exploratory Phase Findings
Analysis Phase
Method
Findings and Discussion
Conclusions
References
MECHANICS OF MACROSLIP: A NEW PHENOMENOLOGICAL THEORY
Dry Model
Wet Model
Conclusion
References
FALL CAUSATION AMONG OLDER PEOPLE IN THE HOME: THE INTERACTING FACTORS
Introduction
Method
Results
Intrinsic influences
Extrinsic influences
Peripheral influences
Discussion
Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
A STUDY ON THE MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE FLOOR SURFACES AND EFFECTS ON SLIP RESISTANCE PROPERTY
Introduction
Experimental method
Results
Overall slip resistance results
SEM examinations
Discussion
(1) Formation of the surface layers
(2) Triobological characteristics of the floor surface
Conclusions
References
COEFFICIENT OF FRICTION: DOES THIS REALLY MEASURE THE SLIP SAFETY?
Introduction
Experimental Method
Results
Overall slip resistance results
Surface topographical analysis
Wear observation
Two shoes
Floor surface
Conclusion
References
SURVEY ON ACCIDENTAL FALLS OF ELDERLY WORKERS WHILE COMMUTING TO AND FROM WORK
Introduction
Method
Method of survey
Survey queries
Results
Attributes of respondents
Means of commuting
Commuting time
Evaluation of commuting stress
Place estimation of risk of falling while commuting
Experience of falling, and injuries suffered
Which did the accident occurred, to or from work.
Commuting route when the accidents occurred
Place where accidental falls occurred
Number of days of absent from work
Cause of falling
Injured part
Nature of injury
Degree of pedestrian traffic congestion when accident occurred
Pace of walking when accidents occurred
Carrying of hand baggage when accident occurred
Respondents’ suggestions
Discussion
SERIOUS FALLS ON THE LEVEL IN OCCUPATIONAL SITUATIONS
Introduction
Selection of falls on the level from the EPICEA database
Statistical description of the 459 falls on the level
Typology of falls on the level in occupational situations
Conclusion
References
CAUSAL THINKING IN SLIPPING AND TRIPPING ACCIDENTS
Introduction
Results
Classification of Causal Statements
Identification of causal actor
Discussion.
References
THE INFLUENCE OF OUTSOLE OIL RESISTANCE ON SLIP RESISTANCE CHARACTERISTICS IN WINTER CONDITIONS
Introduction
Materials & Methods
Materials
DCOF measurements
Statistical analysis
Results
Conclusions
References
The Effects of Age and Stress Associated with a Fear of Falling on Gait Adjustments
Introduction
Method
Results
Discussion
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Footnotes
INCLUSIVE DESIGN
REAL WEBSITE DESIGN FOR REAL PEOPLE
Introduction
Background
The website content
Aiding understanding of the user
Helping the developer prioritise
Evaluation
Results
Improvements that can benefit both the developer and the end user
Conclusions
Design for real people
References
HEARING LOSS: INCLUSION THROUGH DESIGN
Causes and consequences of hearing loss
Everyday problems and solutions
Communication
Inclusive design
Resources
The role of ergonomics in the development of assistive technology
Introduction
Elements of AT systems
Technical requirements of AT systems
User requirements of AT systems
Ergonomics in AT systems
References
SENIORS COPING WITH WINTER
Introduction
Method
Results
Discussion
References
DESIGNING FOR PEOPLE WITH LOW VISION: LEARNABILITY, USABILITY AND PLEASURABILITY
Introduction
Method
Findings
Learnability
Usability
Pleasurability
Conclusion
References
Footnotes
MODELLING & USABILITY
PHOTOGRAMMETRY FOR ERGONOMICS: CAPTURING 3D POSTURE, BODY FORM AND WORKSTATION DESIGN FROM PHOTOGRAPHS
Ergonomics, measurements and photogrammetry
Scenarios to test photogrammetry for ergonomics work
Body posture capture
Workstation dimensions and equipment layout
Capture of a 3D shaped surface
Test 1: Capture of body posture
Test 2: Workstation dimensions and equipment layout
Test 3: Capture of a shaped surface
Summary discussion
References
ADVANCED HUMAN BODY MODELLING FOR HUMAN CENTRED DESIGN: TRENDS AND SOLUTIONS
Introduction
Behaviour
Constitutive modelling
Effects of internal loads on physiological functioning
Implementation in the design process
Trends
Geometry
Relationships between external measures and internal loads
Conclusions
References
ANTHROPOMETRIC PROCEDURES FOR DESIGN DECISIONS: FROM FLAT MAP TO 3D SCANNING
Introduction
Procedures for design decisions
Design for extremes with univariate analysis
Design with bivariate analysis
Design for effective sizing scheme incorporating multivariate analysis
Design for complex workspace incorporating multivariate analysis
Summary
References
AN EYE ON USABILITY STUDIES
Introduction
Types of eye movements
Recording eye movements
Usability and eye movements
Issues concerning eye movements in usability studies
Examples of the use of visual search
References
APPLYING ERGONOMICS TO SUBSTANTIATE THE USABILITY OF HUMAN-MACHINE INTERFACES
Introduction
The requirements for ergonomics inputs
The reasons for reluctance
Ways to involve ergonomics in the design process
Encourage management
Make engineers aware
Participation in task analysis
Participation in HMI Assessment
Conclusions
References
IMPROVING THE USABILITY OF MOBILE PHONE SERVICES USING SPATIAL INTERFACE METAPHORS
Introduction
Interface metaphors
Individual differences
Methodology
Design
Participants
Apparatus
Data collection
Procedure
Results
Subjective measures
Objective measures
Individual differences
Conclusions
References
INTERFACE DESIGN
FREE-SPEECH IN A VIRTUAL WORLD: A USER-CENTRED APPROACH FOR DEVELOPING SPEECH COMMANDS
VIEW of the future
Speech as an input device
Free-speech in a virtual world
Participants
Apparatus
Design & Procedure
Results
Discussion
Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
THE FLIGHTDECK OF THE FUTURE: FIELD STUDIES IN DATALINK AND FREEFLIGHT
Introduction
Methods
Transcript analyses
Future work
References
Dyslexia and Voice Recognition Software—Really the Perfect Match?
Introduction
Method
Replication of O’Hare study
Web-based survey
Results
Replication study
Web Survey Results
Computer use
Voice recognition use
General discussion
Summary
References
BIOMECHANICS
PUSH AND PULL STRENGTH: A COMPARISON OF ISOKINETIC AND ISOMETRIC DYNAMOMETRY RESPONSES
Introduction
Methodology
Phase 1: Isokinetic Strength Evaluation
Phase 2: Isometric Strength Evaluation
Informed Consent
Demographic and Anthropometric Data
Results and Discussion
Phase 1: Isokinetic Strength Evaluation
Phase 2: Isometric Strength Evaluation
Isokinetic versus Isometric Responses: Some Considerations
Conclusions and Recommendations
Reference List
CHANGES IN THE SPINE KINEMATICS DURING A SIMULATED POSTAL WORKER’S TASK
Introduction
Methods
Results
Results
Discussion
Conclusion
References
MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS
THE EFFECTS OF MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN ON WORK PERFORMANCE: WHICH PAIN MEASUREMENT TOOL SHOULD BE USED
Introduction
Pain measurement
Visual Analog Scale (VAS)
Verbal Rating Scale (VRS)
Numerical Rating Scale (NRS)
Borg CR10 Scale
Criteria and assessment
Discussion
References
Development of a database for the analysis of and research into occupational strains on the spinal column
Introduction
Methods
Software “Anamnesis of occupational disease No. 2108”
Prevention database
CUELA measurement system
First Results
Future Implications
References
CONTEMPORARY ERGONOMICS CONSULTANCY PRACTICES: REDUCING THE RISK OF MSDs
Introduction
Method
Results
Descriptive statistics
The Consultancy Process
Work Assessment
Recommendations
Overcoming barriers
Evaluation
Discussion and Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Addressing Musculoskeletal Disorders in the New Zealand Log Sawmilling Industry
Introduction
Accident Register Survey
Analysis Phase
Method
Findings
Intervention Phase
Method
Findings
Conclusions
References
EVALUATION OF SOFTWARE MONITORING FOR THE PREVENTION OF WORK-RELATED UPPER LIMB DISORDERS
Introduction
Methodology
Screening and Feature Evaluation of Products
Methodology for Detailed Evaluation
Results and Discussion
Conclusion
References
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
HEALTH MANAGEMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
Introduction
Aim of the study
Potential benefits of the study
Method
A Model for Toolkit Development
Component
Implementation visits
Follow-up contact
Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Ergonomic Intervention at Sewing Industry Workplaces
Introduction
Methods
Results
Acknowledgement
References
Manual Handling in the Construction Industry: Finding a Format for Change
Introduction
Method
Findings
Discussion
Conclusions
REFERENCES
Measurements of the Forces needed to Move Patients in Mobile Lifting Hoists and Hospital Beds
Introduction
Method
Results
Investigation 1.
Investigation 2.
Maximum force levels found in investigations
Force Limits for Pushing Tasks associated with Complaints
Force Limits for Pushing Tasks associated with Injuries
Discussion
Conclusions
References
PROCESS OWNERSHIP AND THE LONG-TERM ASSURANCE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY: CREATING THE FOUNDATIONS FOR A SAFETY CULTURE
Introduction
Corporate governance and disasters
Process ownership
References
ROAD TRANSPORT
USABILITY OF PEDESTRIAN CROSSINGS: SOME INITIAL FINDINGS
Introduction and background to project
Use of the road system
Use of pedestrian crossing places
User workshops
The sample
Pre workshop questionnaires
Early findings from workshops
Use of different infrastructure by different local authorities in different boroughs.
Understanding of rules
Design of infrastructure
Strategies for crossings.
Prediction of behaviour of other road users
Communication between road users
Conclusions
References
A PARADIGM FOR THE DISPLAY- AND CONTROL-INTENSIVE VEHICLE
Introduction and background
Design thoughts
Vehicle and information roadway device
The “Yoke” control
Human-vehicle interaction
Discussion and conclusion
References
In the driving seat—a proactive system for driver and vehicle risk assessments
Introduction
Vehicle Ergonomics
Difficulties
Progress to date
Conclusions
References
RAIL
PILOTING A METHOD TO INVESTIGATE THE THOUGHT PROCESSES BEHIND TRAIN DRIVER VISUAL STRATEGIES
Introduction
Methodology
Procedure
Eye tracker
Calibration
Drive
Participants
Verbal protocols
Results
Signals:
General Hazards:
Other visual behaviour:
Discussion
Effectiveness of the data collection procedure
Recognising the limitations of the verbal protocol
Initial trends
References
CIRAS: AN EVOLVING CONFIDENTIAL REPORTING SYSTEM
Overview of CIRAS
Development of CIRAS
How CIRAS operates
Reports received by CIRAS
Type of issue reported
Reporting rate over time
Use of company channels in addition to CIRAS
Company acceptance of CIRAS
What CIRAS would like to achieve in the future
References
TRAIN CAB ERGONOMICS—FROM A DRIVER’S PERSPECTIVE
Introduction
Reports received
Temperature problems
Noise
Design problems
Discussion
Conclusion
References
Early Human Factors Assessment of the new European Standard for train driver signalling information.
Introduction
Production of a Predictive Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA)
Data Collection
Hierarchical Task Analysis
Workload and Error Assessment
Workload Assessment Tool
Taxonomy generation
Timeline prediction
Scenario building
Workload assessment and interpretation
Human Error Assessment
Results
Lessons Learned
Writing Reports for System engineers
HTA
Workload
Human Error
Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
Footnotes
AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL
Review of Task Analysis Techniques for use with Human Error Assessment Techniques within the ATC Domain
Spacing Tasks
Human Error Analysis (HEA)
Task Analysis
Initial Task Analysis
Detailed Application
Discussion
References
THE EFFECT OF HUMAN INTERVENTION ON SIMULATED AIR TRAFFIC
Introduction
Experimental Procedure
Analysis
Conflicts
Conflict Resolutions
Aircraft Generated
Discussion
Conclusion
References
MEASURES OF PERFORMANCE IN AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL
Introduction
Characteristics of a Measure
Previous Studies
Messerschmit-Bolkow-Blohm (MBB) Method
TRACON Method
Proposed Measure of performance
References
DEFENCE
Battlespace Information and Knowledge—A Strategic Research Programme for BAE SYSTEMS
Origins & History
Current Capabilities
Battlespace Information & Knowledge
Human-Centric Information System Model (HCISM)
Information Fusion
Image Exploitation
HCI Technologies for Enhanced Situational Awareness
Conclusion
STUDYING THE USE OF COLOUR FOR MILITARY COCKPIT DISPLAYS
Introduction
Methods
Subjects
Apparatus and display versions
Experimental procedures
Results
Single-task experiment
Part-task flight experiment
Full-task flight experiment
Discussion
References
Footnotes
HUMAN RELIABILITY
BREAST SCREENING: EXPERIENCE VERSUS EXPERTISE
Introduction
Method
Results
Discussion and Conclusion
References
Acknowledgement
TXT-ING: LINGUISTIC DEGRADATION LEADS TO INCREASED TRANSCRIPTION ERRORS.
Introduction
Method
Participants
Materials & Procedure
Results
Discussion
References
AN APPLICATION OF META-ANALYSIS TO STUDIES OF RULE VIOLATION
Introduction
Method
Literature Search
Data Analysis
Results
Copying
Convenience/benefit
Risk Perception
Time Pressure
Severity of Sanction Associated with Violation
Age
Experience
Presence of an Authority Figure
Gender
Perceived Ability
Discussion
References
PATIENT SAFETY
MEDICAL ERROR AND HUMAN FACTORS INTERVENTIONS: TWO CASE STUDIES
Introduction
Case Study #1: Heparin Administration Procedures
Potential Sources of Error
Recommendations
Case Study #2: Cataract Surgical Procedures
Potential Sources of Error
Recommendations
Outcomes
Heparin Administration
Cataract Surgical Procedures
References
Identifying and Reducing Errors in the Operating Theatre
Introduction
Error in Surgery
Cultural Assessment
Surgical Assessment
Patient Outcome
Further Work
Conclusions
References
MEDICATION ERRORS AND THE JUDICIOUS USE OF COLOUR ON THE LABELLING OF MEDICINES
Introduction
Experiment 1
Experiment 2
Discussion
References
Footnotes
WARNINGS
HAZARD COMMUNICATION OF WARNING SIGNAL WORDS AND SAFETY PICTORIALS
Introduction
Participants
Material and Procedure
Results
Discussion
References
METHODS
Ergonomics Guidelines—A Help or a Hindrance?
Introduction
Generic and Application Specific Guidance
Size, Structure and Content of Guidance
Employment of Ergonomists
Contractual Obligations
Effective Application of Ergonomics Guidance
Understand context of problem
Dedicate time to understanding which guidance is relevant
Consolidate guidance
Consider ergonomics training to understand guidance
Encourage records of compliance
Employ ergonomist knowledgeable in the field
Conclusions
References
Ergonomic Ergonomics?
Introduction
Case Study One: The Expert Witness
Case Study Two: The Fairground Assessor
Conclusions
References
A Heuristic Approach to Early Human Factors Evaluation
Introduction
The Heuristic Evaluation Process
Separate the Process from the Heuristics
Derive New Heuristics
Case Study: The Office Workspace
Workspaces: Why do we get it Wrong?
Heuristics for Workspace Design
Conclusion
References
GENERAL ERGONOMICS
PIN PADS FIRST STEP TO A CASHLESS SOCIETY?
Introduction
Disability Discrimination Act 1995
User needs
Standards and Guidelines
Conclusion
References
Designers In Schools—Workshop
1. Introduction
2. Risks
3. The Three Reports
3.1 Andree Woodcock: Bluecoat School Nottingham
3.2 Mike Tainsh: Woking High School, Department of Design and Technology
3.3 Meg Galley: Burleigh Community College, Loughborough
4. Conclusion
5. Reference
Acknowledgements
Disclaimer
ACCIDENTS RELATED TO ACCESS PATH USE OF MOBILE MACHINERY IN FINNISH AGRICULTURE
Introduction
Statistical analysis
Material and methods
Results
A Case study
Description of the accident
Discussion
References
LISTENING TO THE NAVIGATOR—HOW WE CAN INTEGRATE THE OFFICER OF THE WATCH INTO THE SHIPS BRIDGE
Introduction
The Current Status of the Ships’ Bridge
What are the Key Issues Currently Challenging the Maritime Industry?
How is the Maritime Industry Addressing these Issues?
The View from the Wheelhouse
Conclusions
References
COMPUTATIONAL ERGONOMICS—A POSSIBLE EXTENSION OF COMPUTATIONAL NEUROSCIENCE? DEFINITIONS, POTENTIAL BENEFITS, AND A CASE STUDY ON CYBERSICKNESS
Introduction
Challenges on developing ergonomics models
High entry barriers
The compatibility challenges and the absence of model building blocks
Potential Benefits of Computational Ergonomics Approach of Modeling
Anatomical structure
Open-source building-blocks and computational algorithms
Sharing of raw data
Conclusions and Future Research Directions
Acknowledgement and References
DEVELOPMENT OF A CROWD STRESS INDEX (CSI) FOR USE IN RISK ASSESSMENT
Introduction
Method
Part 1: Literature Review
Part 2: Crowd stress on an underground train
Part 3: Personal interviews
Part 4: Climatic chamber experiment
A Crowd Stress index
Conclusions
References
ERGONOMICS OF LEFT BRAIN/RIGHT BRAIN IMBLANCE
Introduction
Lateralization—Left-right asymmetry in the brain
Information processing
Modelling human neural control systems.
Case studies. No. 1: Right brain physiological problem.
History
Physiological assessment
Background to stress
Case No. 2. Left hemispheric physiological non-ablative lesion.
Presenting symptoms
History
Examination
Functional diagnosis
Background to laterality induced by stressing the systems
Treatment for laterality right/left
Conclusion
References
EFFECTS OF PROCUREMENT TYPE ON HUMAN FACTORS ACTIVITIES
Introduction
The Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS)
Acquisition Strategy
Impact on Human Factors Efforts
The Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS)
Acquisition Strategy
Impacts on Human Factors Efforts
Summary
POSITIVE ERGONOMICS: IMPROVING MOOD BEFORE THE WORKING DAY BEGINS.
Introduction
Caffeine
Ablutions
Breakfast
Conclusions and recommendations
References
ERGONOMICS INTEGRATION IN THE DESIGN OF A ROTARY HAMMER
Introduction
Method
Results
Discussion
Conclusions
References
The effect of intensity of ‘side on’ simulated solar radiation on the thermal comfort of seated subjects
Introduction
Method
Experimental Method
Experimental Measures
Experimental Procedure
Results
Subjective Results
Discussion
Conclusion
References
ARE YOU COOKING COMFORTABLY? ERGONOMICS IN THE RESTAURANT KITCHEN
Ergonomics in the restaurant kitchen
Temperature
Noise
Lighting
Ventilation & humidity
Discussion
Conclusion
References
DESIGNING-OUT THE CELL OF EXCLUSION
Introduction
The Penalties of Non-Inclusive Products and Facilities
Exclusion and modern technology
The Cell of Exclusion
Conclusions
References
CONSUMERS, EVIDENCE AND INNOVATION
Introduction
Stakeholders in the design process
User centred design methodology
Inclusive design in other settings
Conclusions
References
COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE EVALUATION WITH Δ METHOD AT LIPS
Performance assessment with Δ
Objective
Performance evaluation
Pragmatic methodology
Experiments
Introduction
Aeronautical experiments
The Eucalepic effects
Pilot-System Interactions Laboratory
Discussion
References
CHANGES IN ORGANISATIONAL ROLES WHEN DISASTER STRIKES, WITHIN THE MANUFACTURING DOMAIN
Introduction
The teams in the study
Fixing the disaster
Observed organisational changes
Organisational implications
Acknowledgements
DEVELOPMENT OF A PROCESS FOR HUMAN RELIABILITY ASSESSMENT IN A DEFENCE INDUSTRIES CONTEXT
Introduction
BAE SYSTEMS’ initiative
Initial findings
A proposed process for HRA
Risks for this process
Acknowledgements
References
TAKING THE WRONG SPUR(R): STOPPING BEHAVIOUR
Introduction
The Experiment
Results and Discussion
Distance from Intersection at which Stopping Behaviour Began
Deceleration Profiles
Comments
Acknowledgement
References
GENTLE PUSH… AN INVESTIGATION INTO SUBTLE SIGNALS
Introduction
Issues addressed by g e n t l e p u s h…
Mechanisms of variable awareness
Aims and Methods
Results
Main Findings
References
INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE DESIGN PROJECTS: PROBLEMS, SOLUTIONS AND LESSON PLANS
Introduction
Discovering problems in ICDPs
Retrospective Documentation Analysis
Follow up Interviews
Case Study
Development of Intervention Strategies
Knowledge transfer
Conclusions
References
EXPERIENCES OF ERGONOMICS PRACTITIONERS ON VACATION
Introduction
Holiday booking and documents
Airline travel
Local transport
Driving abroad
Hotels and other buildings
Tourist facilities
Facilities for people who are disabled
Dealing with an accident or illness
Conclusions and recommendations
Reference
Acknowledgement
EVALUATING SYSTEMS TO SUPPORT CO-OPERATIVE WORKING—THE UNITE EXPERIENCE
Introduction
Evaluation strategy
Application of the framework
Usability
Utility
Work System Valuation/Nutzwertanalyse
The Challenges of Evaluating Co-operative Systems
Acknowledgements
References
EFFECTS OF TIME-OF-DAY ON INTERPRETING SIGNS AND ICONS
Introduction
Evidence of time-of-day effects
Icon Characteristics
The Role of Visual Complexity
The Effects of ‘Visual Chunking’ of Information
The Role of Icon Concreteness
The Role of Response Type
Conclusions
References
THE THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOUR: A USEFUL FRAMEWORK FOR PREDICTING RULE VIOLATION?
Introduction
Methodology
Review Existing Violation Assessment Techniques
Modelling Rule Violations
Populating the TPB Model
Results
Review Existing Violation Assessment Techniques
Modelling Rule Violations
Populating the TPB Model
Discussion and Conclusions
References
EMBEDDING ERGONOMICS IN IN-CAR INTERFACE DESIGN: THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SIMULATION BASED EVALUATION METHOD
Introduction
The Development of the Method
The Usability Toolset
The Simulated In-Car Interface
The Evaluation Rig
Supporting Iterative Design
The Formalisation of the Method
The Practicability of the Method
Conclusion
References
Analysing marker gaps during work-related activities of daily living using an optometric system
Introduction
Recording methodology
Marker placement
Camera Placement with the three-camera VICON 140™ system
Camera Placement with the six-camera VICON 512™ system
Results
By subject
By ADL
By anatomical marker location
Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
THE APPLICATION OF STANDARD HCI EVALUATION METHODS TO WEB SITE EVALUATION
Introduction
Evaluation of existing methods
Internet Survey
Development of the new website method
Conclusion
References
THE DESIGN OF POLYSENSORY ENVIRONMENTS FOR CHILDREN WITH AUTISTIC SPECTRUM DISORDERS
Introduction
The Nature of Autism
Our approach to user requirements capture
Review of current systems
The challenge of autism for system designers
Conclusions
References
BREAKING THE INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION BARRIER
Introduction
The Information and Communication Barriers
Information Solutions
Communication Solutions
Conclusion
References
CORPORATE RISK: AN ERGONOMICS PERSPECTIVE
Introduction
Managing Risk
Understanding Activities
Risk Prioritisation
The Top ‘X’ Principle
Ergonomics Risks
Conclusions
ANALYSIS OF COGNITIVE ACTIVITIES OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANT CONTROL ROOM OPERATORS IN CASE OF ABNORMAL CONDITIONS
Introduction
Rasmussen’s Stepladder Model
Analysis of BNPP-1 Operator’s Cognitive Functions
The Attribute Rating Survey
The Model and Analysis
Calculation of Probability of Erroneous Action
Conclusion
Refrences
CONCEPTUALIZING EMOTIONAL ERGONOMICS AND EXPLORING WAYS TO EMPOWER WORKPLACE DYNAMICS
Introduction
The Humanistic Approach of Ergonomics
Impact of Emotion at Workplace
Empowering Workplaces through Emotional Ergonomics
Launching Ergonomics into a Resurgent Future
References
Painting pictures in words: the development of an information web site for audio transcription
Introduction
What is Audio description?
Cost and universal access
Lack of awareness
Audio Description Information Website
Design
Web page design
Audio material
Video material
Content
User testing
Results
Discussion
Acknowledgements
References
Workshops as a cost-effective way to gather requirements and test user interface usability? Findings from WMSS, a decision support development project.
Introduction
Approaches to user involvement
Value of the workshop approach
Use of workshops within WMSS
User requirements workshop
Design development workshops
Pro’s and con’s of the workshop approach
Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
TOWARDS A STANDARD METHOD TO TEST ANTI-SLIP DEVICES
Introduction
The development process
Method development
Experimental set-up
Tests of 107 healthy subjects in different ages
Results
Conclusion
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