Sport rules and values philosophical investigations into the nature of sport 1st Edition by Graham Mcfee 0415322081 9780415322089

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ISBN 10: 0415322081

ISBN 13: 9780415322089

Author: Graham McFee

Sport, Rules and Values presents a philosophical perspective on issues concerning the character of sport. Discussion focuses on three broad uses commonly urged for rules: to define sport; to judge or assess sport performance; and to characterize the value of sport – especially if that value is regarded as moral value. In general, Sport, Rules and Values rejects a conception of the determinacy of rules as possible within sport (and a parallel picture of the determinacy assumed to be required by philosophy). Throughout, the presentation is rich in concrete cases from sport, including cricket, baseball, American football, soccer and ice-skating. Detailed consideration of some ideas from classics in the philosophy of sport, especially writings by Bernard Suits and William Morgan, contextualizes this discussion. Overall, this work exemplifies the dependence of philosophical considerations of sport on ideas from philosophy more generally. Thus it sketches, for example, the contrast between rules and principles, an account of the occasion-sensitivity of understanding, and the place of normative and motivating reasons within practical reasoning. Sport, Rules and Values represents a distinctive conception, both of sport and of its philosophical investigation, which will appeal to all those with an interest in philosophy and ethics of sport.

Sport rules and values philosophical investigations into the nature of sport 1st Table of contents:

PART I Rules in explaining sport

1 Definiteness and defining sport

The issues

Why define?

A definition (of sport) is neither possible nor desirable

Mistakenly thinking one has a definition

Rule-following and definition

The philosophical point (or lack of it) of definition

What is in common?

2 Rule-following and formalism in sport

Formalism: explaining sport in terms of rules?

Criticisms: the adequacy of formalism?

Some defence of formalism

Constitutive and regulative uses of rules

Some general considerations about rule-following

Some implications for formalism

An occasion-sensitive view of meaning and understanding

Rule-following and understanding

3 Rule-following and rule-formulations

Formalism extended: the idea of more kinds of rules

Alternatives to formalism – the ethoi position

Two versions of ethos account

Ethos: a normative account

Rules and the purposes of sport

More fundamental criticisms

Rules and rule-formulations

4 Practices and normativity in sport

A view of practices

Ethos, practice and normativity

Customs and rules

Conclusion to Part I

PART II Rules in judging sport

5 Aesthetic sports, publicity and judgement calls

Just about every call is a judgement call

Two kinds of sports?

What is subjectivity?

Two bad arguments for the subjectivity of judgements

Objectivity and options

Aesthetic sports: the importance of judgement

6 Principles and the application of rules

The need to apply the rules (even for purposive sports)

Some cases?

Principles and discretion

A parallel: the moral reading of the American Constitution?

7 Spoiling, cheating and playing the game

Spoiling – ‘legal’ cheating

The spoiling example

The issue of generality

Finding the real rules?

Some other cases

Cheating and rule-following

What is wrong with cheating?

Why obey rules?

Conclusion to Part II: the moral imperative is intrinsic

PART III Rules in valuing sport

8 The project of a moral laboratory; and particularism

Sport’s moral dimension?

Explanations and qualifications

The argument

Investigation of the premises

Particularism and moral judgement

Thinking about the moral laboratory

Problem: the moral nature of sport?

Outcomes

9 The value of sport

Reasons for participation in sport

Normative and motivating reasons

Normative reasons, rules and sport

The persistence of value

The remaking of value-formulations

10 Relativism, objectivity and truth

The denial of the coherence of relativism

The postmodern challenge: incredulity towards metanarratives

Understanding and the concrete

The postmodern challenge II: reason and science

One sporting world?

Conclusion Sport, rules and philosophy

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