Research Projects in Dry Eye Syndrome Developments in Ophthalmology Vol 45 1st Edition by Horst Brewitt 3805594194 9783805594196
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Product details:
ISBN 10: 3805594194
ISBN 13: 9783805594196
Author: Horst Brewitt
Dry eye is one of the most common disorders encountered in ophthalmological practice. Its symptoms cause considerable discomfort and substantially reduce the patient’s quality of life. As it is a complex and multifactorial condition, research investigating dry eye is a matter of great interest all over the world. In this book, the wide range of current basic and clinical research in dry eye and correlated ocular surface diseases is presented by scientists from Germany, Austria and the USA. These renowned authors provide clear and extensive descriptions of their projects, enabling scientists and clinical ophthalmologists to quickly bring themselves up to date with cutting edge research in this field. This overview of research into the pathogenesis and clinical treatment of dry eye is a must for all ophthalmologists dealing with this syndrome and looking to increase their knowledge base.
Table of contents:
Trefoil Factor Family Peptide 3 at the Ocular Surface. A Promising Therapeutic Candidate for Patients with Dry Eye Syndrome?
Abstract
TFF Peptides in General and TFF3 in Particular
TFF3 at the Ocular Surface
TFF3 in Articular Cartilage
TFF3: A Promising Therapeutic Candidate for Patients with Dry Eye Syndrome?
Acknowledgement
References
Cationic Amino Acid Transporters and β-Defensins in Dry Eye Syndrome
Abstract
Functional Relationship between y+ Transporter and β-Defensins
Research Project
References
Antimicrobial Peptides as a Major Part of the Innate Immune Defense at the Ocular Surface
Abstract
Antimicrobial Peptides at the Ocular Surface
AMP Active Principle
AMPs and Dry Eye
Human β-Defensins
Psoriasin and Angiogenin
Outlook
References
Regulation of the Inflammatory Component in Chronic Dry Eye Disease by the Eye-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (EALT)
Abstract
Eye-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (EALT): The Physiological Mucosal Immune System of the Ocular Surface
Ocular Surface
Cell Types in Mucosal Lymphoid Tissue
Arrangement and Function of Mucosal Lymphoid Tissue
Lymphoid Cells at the Human Ocular Surface and Mucosal Adnexa Constitute Eye-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (EALT)
EALT Unites the Ocular Surface and Its Mucosal Adnexa
Different Subtypes of Lymphocytes Occur in EALT
Subtypes and Functions of Conjunctival Lymphocytes Are Determined by the Mode of Antigen Presentation
Immune-Mediated Ocular Surface Inflammation Is a Key Event in Advanced Dry Eye Disease
Deregulation of EALT
Self-Propagating Vicious Circles Aggravate Immune-Mediated Ocular Inflammation
Physiological Compensatory Mechanisms Can Prevent Disease Progression
Acknowledgments
References
Intravital Multidimensional Real-Time Imaging of the Conjunctival Immune System
Abstract
In vivo Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy
Intravital Two-Photon Microscopy
Intravital Autofluorescence Two-Photon Microscopy
Future Directions and Implications
References
Generation of Two- and Three-Dimensional Lacrimal Gland Constructs
Abstract
AM-Based Two-Dimensional Lacrimal Gland Model
Three-Dimensional Lacrimal Gland Model
Colony-Forming Capacity of Lacrimal Gland Cells
Discussion and Future Prospects
References
Midterm Results of Cultivated Autologous and Allogeneic Limbal Epithelial Transplantation in Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency
Abstract
Materials and Methods
Patients
Ex vivo Expansion of Limbal Epithelial Cells on AM
Surgical Procedures
Postoperative Treatment
Outcome Evaluation
Statistical Analysis
Results
Outcome of Corneal Surface Reconstruction
VA Outcome
Additional Procedures
Complications
Discussion
Acknowledgments
References
Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy for Conjunctival Epithelium Imaging
Abstract
Materials and Methods
Results
Discussion
Conclusions
References
Pollen Enzymes Degrade Human Tear Fluid and Conjunctival Cells: An Approach to Understanding Seasonal Non-Allergic Conjunctivitis
Abstract
Methods
Pollen Collection
Zymography
Collection of Tear Fluid
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis
Pollen Extract for Experiments with CHANG Cells
Human Conjunctival Cells
Cell Suspension
CASY1 Analysis of Cytomorphological Changes
Determination of Cell Viability by MTS Assay
Statistical Analysis
Results
Zymography
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis
Microscopic Analysis of Cell Cultures Following Incubation with Pollen Extract
CASY1 Cell Analysis
MTS Assay
Discussion
References
Towards a New in vitro Model of Dry Eye: The ex vivo Eye Irritation Test
Abstract
Materials and Methods
Ex Vivo Eye Irritation Test
Optical Coherence Tomography
Experimental Procedure
Results
Discussion
Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
The Lid Margin Is an Underestimated Structure for Preservation of Ocular Surface Health and Development of Dry Eye Disease
Abstract
Introduction
The Lid Margin Is an Important but Currently Underestimated Structure
Functions of the Lid Margin
The Lid Margin Preserves Ocular Surface Integrity
Alterations in the Lid Margin Are Associated with Ocular Surface Disease
Structures at the Lid Margin and Their Involvement in Dry Eye Disease
Anatomy and Pathology of the Meibomian Glands
Meibomian Ductal System Shows Signs of Incipient Keratinization
Hyperkeratinization Is a Major Cause of Obstructive MGD and Results in Degenerative Gland Dilatation and Atrophy
Obstructive MDG Results in Increased Evaporation and Dry Eye Symptoms
Anatomy and Pathology of the MCJ of the Lid Margin
Line of Marx Is the Surface of the MCJ
MCJ/Line of Marx Can Be Used as a Diagnostic Tool in Dry Eye Research
Anatomy and Pathology of the Lid Wiper
The Lid Wiper Is the Device at the Inner Lid Border That Distributes the Thin Preocular Tear Film
Lid Wiper Epitheliopathy Is a Sensitive Early Indicator of a Dry Eye
Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
Diagnostic Markers of Sjögren’s Syndrome
Abstract
Current Diagnostic Procedures in SS
Function of α-Fodrin
Prevalence of Antibodies against α-Fodrin in SS
Specificity of Antibodies against α-Fodrin
Antibodies against α-Fodrin Are Activity Markers of SS
Outlook
References
Hyperosmolarity of the Tear Film in Dry Eye Syndrome
Abstract
Patients and Methods
Tearlab Osmolarity System
Patients
Results
Correlation of Tear Film Osmolarity with Age
Correlation of Tear Film Osmolarity to Single Signs of DES
Correlation of Tear Film Osmolarity to Diagnosis of DES
Discussion
Tearlab Does Not Measure What It Is Supposed to Measure
We Measured the Wrong Area
We Measured Reflex Tears
Clinical Dry Eye Signs/Symptoms Used in This Study Are Not Able to Establish the Diagnosis of DES
References
Novel Ocular Lubricant Containing an Intelligent Delivery System: Details of Its Mechanism of Action
Abstract
Physiology of the Tear Film
Dry Eye Management
HPG: Properties and Characteristics
Use of HPG in the Treatment of Dry Eye
Clinical Efficacy of an HPG-Containing Ocular Lubricant
New Formulation Systane Ultra
Mechanism of Action of Systane Ultra
Recent Clinical Findings
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