Bargaining for Women s Rights Activism in an Aspiring Muslim Democracy 1st Edition by Alice J Kang ISBN 0816692173 9780816692170

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ISBN 10: 0816692173 
ISBN 13: 9780816692170
Author: Alice J Kang

Gender relations in Muslim-majority countries have been subject to intense debate in recent decades. In some cases, Muslim women have fought for and won new rights to political participation, reproductive health, and education. In others, their agendas have been stymied. Yet missing from this discussion, until now, has been a systematic examination of how civil society groups mobilize to promote women’s rights and how multiple components of the state negotiate such legislation.

In Bargaining for Women’s Rights, Alice J. Kang argues that reform is more likely to happen when the struggle arises from within. Focusing on how a law on gender quotas and a United Nations treaty on ending discrimination against women passed in Niger while family law reform and an African Union protocol on women’s rights did not, Kang shows how local women’s associations are uniquely positioned to translate global concepts of democracy and human rights into concrete policy proposals. And yet, drawing on numerous interviews with women’s rights activists as well as Islamists and politicians, she reveals that the former are not the only ones who care about the regulation of gender relations.

Providing a solid analytic framework for understanding conflict over women’s rights policies without stereotyping Muslims, Bargaining for Women’s Rights demonstrates that, contrary to conventional wisdom, Islam does not have a uniformly negative effect on the prospects of such legislation.

Bargaining for Women s Rights Activism in an Aspiring Muslim Democracy 1st Table of contents:

1. The Context of Contention: Islam, Gender, and Democracy in Malaysia

• Historical Development of Malaysian Politics and Law
• The Role of Islam in Public and Private Life
• Diverse Interpretations of Islam and Gender
• The Dynamics of State–Society Relations and Democratic Space

2. The Malaysian Women’s Movement: From Welfare to Rights

• Historical Trajectory of Women’s Organizations
• Key Campaigns and Early Achievements
• Evolution of Goals: From Social Welfare to Legal and Political Rights
• Diversity within the Movement: Secular and Faith-Based Activism

3. Bargaining with the State: Strategies and Successes

• Lobbying and Advocacy Tactics Used by Women’s NGOs
• Engaging with Policymakers and Bureaucrats
• Case Study: Reforms to Family Law (e.g., Islamic Family Law)
• Case Study: Anti-Domestic Violence Legislation
• The Role of International Norms and Pressure

4. Bargaining with Religious Authorities: Navigating Islamic Discourse

• The Challenge of Shari’ah Law and Religious Courts
• Strategies for Reinterpreting Islamic Texts and Traditions
• Engaging with Ulama (Religious Scholars) and Islamic Institutions
• Case Study: Debates over Polygamy and Child Marriage
• Case Study: Dress Codes and Public Piety

5. Bargaining with Political Parties: Allies and Obstacles

• Women’s Wings of Ruling and Opposition Parties
• The Limits and Opportunities of Party Politics for Women’s Rights
• Gender Quotas and Representation
• Electoral Strategies and Voter Mobilization

6. Bargaining with Society: Public Opinion and Cultural Norms

• Raising Awareness and Challenging Patriarchal Norms
• Media Campaigns and Public Education
• The Role of Education and Grassroots Mobilization
• Addressing Conservative Backlash and Misinformation

7. Intersectional Challenges: Race, Class, and Women’s Rights

• The Intersection of Gender, Ethnicity (Malay, Chinese, Indian), and Socioeconomic Status
• How Different Groups of Women Experience Rights and Discrimination
• Solidarity and Divisions within the Women’s Movement
• Migrant Women and Their Rights

8. Case Study in Detail: The Campaign for Law Reform (e.g., Sexual Harassment, Rape Law)

• Tracing a Specific Advocacy Campaign from Inception to Outcome
• Analyzing the Bargaining Strategies Employed
• Identifying Factors Contributing to Successes and Setbacks

9. Conclusion: Lessons from an Aspiring Muslim Democracy

• Reaffirming the Importance of Bargaining for Rights
• The Resilience and Adaptability of Women’s Activism
• Implications for Other Muslim-Majority Contexts
• Future Challenges and Opportunities for Women’s Rights in Malaysia and Beyond

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Tags: Alice J Kang, Bargaining, Activism