Eulers Gem The Polyhedron Formula and the Birth of Topology 1st Edition by David Richeson 0691154570 9780691154572
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ISBN 10: 0691154570
ISBN 13: 9780691154572
Author: David S. Richeson
Leonhard Euler’s polyhedron formula describes the structure of many objects–from soccer balls and gemstones to Buckminster Fuller’s buildings and giant all-carbon molecules. Yet Euler’s formula is so simple it can be explained to a child. Euler’s Gem tells the illuminating story of this indispensable mathematical idea. From ancient Greek geometry to today’s cutting-edge research, Euler’s Gem celebrates the discovery of Euler’s beloved polyhedron formula and its far-reaching impact on topology, the study of shapes. In 1750, Euler observed that any polyhedron composed of V vertices, E edges, and F faces satisfies the equation V-E+F=2. David Richeson tells how the Greeks missed the formula entirely; how Descartes almost discovered it but fell short; how nineteenth-century mathematicians widened the formula’s scope in ways that Euler never envisioned by adapting it for use with doughnut shapes, smooth surfaces, and higher dimensional shapes; and how twentieth-century mathematicians discovered that every shape has its own Euler’s formula. Using wonderful examples and numerous illustrations, Richeson presents the formula’s many elegant and unexpected applications, such as showing why there is always some windless spot on earth, how to measure the acreage of a tree farm by counting trees, and how many crayons are needed to color any map. Filled with a who’s who of brilliant mathematicians who questioned, refined, and contributed to a remarkable theorem’s development, Euler’s Gem will fascinate every mathematics enthusiast.
Eulers Gem The Polyhedron Formula and the Birth of Topology 1st Table of contents:
Chapter 1 Leonhard Euler and His Three “Great” Friends
Chapter 2 What Is a Polyhedron?
Chapter 3 The Five Perfect Bodies
Chapter 4 The Pythagorean Brotherhood and Plato’s Atomic Theory
Chapter 5 Euclid and His Elements
Chapter 6 Kepler’s Polyhedral Universe
Chapter 7 Euler’s Gem
Chapter 8 Platonic Solids, Golf Balls, Fullerenes, and Geodesic Domes
Chapter 9 Scooped by Descartes?
Chapter 10 Legendre Gets It Right
Chapter 11 A Stroll through Königsberg
Chapter 12 Cauchy’s Flattened Polyhedra
Chapter 13 Planar Graphs, Geoboards, and Brussels Sprouts
Chapter 14 It’s a Colorful World
Chapter 15 New Problems and New Proofs
Chapter 16 Rubber Sheets, Hollow Doughnuts, and Crazy Bottles
Chapter 17 Are They the Same, or Are They Different?
Chapter 18 A Knotty Problem
Chapter 19 Combing the Hair on a Coconut
Chapter 20 When Topology Controls Geometry
Chapter 21 The Topology of Curvy Surfaces
Chapter 22 Navigating in n Dimensions
Chapter 23 Henri Poincaré and the Ascendance of Topology
Epilogue The Million-Dollar Question
Acknowledgements
Appendix A Build Your Own Polyhedra and Surfaces
Appendix B Recommended Readings
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David Richeson,Eulers,Polyhedron,Formula