1. Philosophy of the Environment
1.1 The Emerging Paradigm
1.2 Pollution Prevention and Green Chemistry
1.3 Philosophy in Practice
1.4 Solvents
1.5 Future Direction
1.6 Subject Content of Book
2. Chemical Practice and Solvent Usage
2.1 Solvent Usage
2.2 Pollution: Effects of solvents
2.3 Applications of Solvents
2.4 Broad Areas of Application
2.5 Domain and Range of Solvent Employment
2.6 Global Effects of Solvent Usage
2.7 Challenge Offered to the Chemical Community
2.8 Solvent Supply and Demand
3. Solvation and Solvent Phenomena
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Physical Properties of Solvents
3.3 Chemical Properties of Solvents
3.4 Solvation Chemistry
3.5 Solvent Effects on Chemical Phenomena
3.6 Solvent Roles
3.7 Solvent Effects and Green Chemistry
4. Green Solvents in Green Chemistry
4.1 Definition of Green Solvents
4.2 Specific Health and Environmental Requirements
4.3 Solvents in Terms of Life-Cycle Analysis
4.4 Life-Cycle Assessment
4.5 Life-Cycle Assessment: Its Application to Solvents
4.6 A Proposed LCA Approach to Solvent Selection
4.7 Proposed Checklist for Solvent Use Evaluation
4.8 Practical Approach to Life-Cycle Evaluation of Solvent Usage
4.9 LCA Leading to Total Quality Management (TQM)
4.10 Concluding Comments on LCA
4.11 Green Solvents
5. Criteria for Selection and/or Design of Green Solvents
5.1 The Need for Green Solvents
5.2 Criteria to Evaluate Solvents
5.3 Reversibility of Toxicity
5.4 Concept of Receptors
5.5 Mode of Entry of Toxins
5.6 Translocation of Xenobiotics
5.7 Storage of Chemicals in the Body
5.8 Interpretation of Toxicity
5.9 Methodology to Evaluate Green Solvents
5.10 Presently Available Solvents
6. Green Solvents for Academic Chemistry
6.1 Environmental Concerns for Educational Institutions
6.2 Green Chemistry Alternatives
6.3 Early Chemistries: Elementary through High School
6.4 Undergraduate/Graduate Schools
6.5 Organic Chemistry
6.6 Readily Available Drop-in Replacements
6.7 Inorganic Chemistry
6.8 Nuclear and Photochemistry
6.9 Analytical Chemistry
6.10 Biochemistry
6.11 Medicinal Chemistry
6.12 Teaching Laboratories
7. Green Solvents for Industrial Chemistry
7.1 Environmentally Friendly Processes
7.2 Industry’s Response to the Global Environment
7.3 Occupational Toxicology
7.4 What Are Green Industrial Solvents?
7.5 Solvents by Industrial Reaction Process
7.6 Alternative Solvents for Separation Processes
7.7 Military Solvents
7.8 Future of Industrial Solvents
8. Green Solvents for Practical and Ordinary Chemical Usage
8.1 Why This Area?
8.2 Ordinary Solvent Usage
8.3 Household Solvents
8.4 Recreational and Transportation Solvents
8.5 Evaluating Chemistries
9. Green Solvents: Ecology and Economics
9.1 Place of Green Solvents in Chemistry Practices
9.2 Green Solvents: Epilogue
9.3 Economics and Ecology
9.4 Future Steps
Appendices
References