Introduction to Experimental Infrared Spectroscopy Fundamentals and Practical Methods 1st Edition by Mitsuo TasumiI ISBN 047066567X 978-0470665671

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ISBN 10: 047066567X 
ISBN 13: 978-0470665671
Author:  Mitsuo TasumiI 

Infrared spectroscopy is generally understood to mean the science of spectra relating to infrared radiation, namely electromagnetic waves, in the wavelength region occurring intermediately between visible light and microwaves. Measurements of infrared spectra have been providing useful information, for a variety of scientific research and industrial studies, for over half a century; this is set to continue in the foreseeable future.

Introduction to Experimental Infrared Spectroscopy is intended to be a handy guide for those who have no, or limited, experience in infrared spectroscopic measurements but are utilising infrared-related methods for their research or in practical applications.

Written by leading researchers and experienced practitioners, this work consists of 22 chapters and presents the basic theory, methodology and practical measurement methods, including ATR, photoacoustic, IR imaging, NIR, 2D-COS, and VCD. The six Appendices will aid readers in understanding the concepts presented in the main text.

Written in an easy-to-understand way this book is suitable for students, researchers and technicians workin

Introduction to Experimental Infrared Spectroscopy Fundamentals and Practical Methods 1st Table of contents:

Part I: Fundamentals of Infrared Spectroscopic Measurements

Chapter 1: Introduction to Infrared Spectroscopy

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Fundamentals of Infrared Spectroscopy

1.3 Origin of Infrared Absorption

1.4 Normal Vibrations and Their Symmetry

1.5 Group Vibrations and Characteristic Absorption Bands

1.6 Brief History of Infrared Spectroscopy

References

Chapter 2: Sample Handling and Related Matters in Infrared Spectroscopic Measurements

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Points to Note in the Laboratory

2.3 Mid-Infrared-Transparent Materials

2.4 Measurements of Infrared Spectra from Samples in the Gaseous, Liquid, and Solid States

2.5 Measurements of Infrared Spectra at Various Conditions

References

Chapter 3: Quantitative Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Characteristics of an FT-IR Spectrometer

3.3 Transmittance Spectrum and Absorbance Spectrum

3.4 Fundamentals of Quantitative Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis

3.5 Working Curve for Quantitative Analysis

3.6 Factors Causing Deviations from Lambert–Beer’s Law

3.7 Other Remarks

Chapter 4: Principles of FT-IR Spectrometry

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Interference of Light

4.3 Principles of FT-IR Spectrometry

4.4 Characteristics of FT-IR Spectrometry

Further Reading

Chapter 5: Hardware and Software in FT-IR Spectrometry

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Hardware and Software of an FT-IR Spectrometer

Further Reading

Chapter 6: Computer Processing of Measured Infrared Spectra

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Computer Processing of Measured Spectra

References

Further Reading

Chapter 7: Chemometrics in Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Role of the Molar Absorption Coefficient

7.3 Re-Expression of a Spectrum in Multivariate Space

7.4 Beer’s Law for a Multicomponent System: CLS (Classical Least Squares) Regression

7.5 Experimental Design

7.6 ILS Regression Using the Inverse Beer’s Law

7.7 Principal Component Analysis (PCA)

7.8 Principal Component Regression (PCR)

7.9 Partial Least Squares (PLS) Regression

References

Part II: Practical Methods of Measurements

Chapter 8: Reflection Measurements at Normal Incidence

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Measurements of Reflection at Normal Incidence

8.3 Analysis of Specular-Reflection Spectra

References

Chapter 9: External-Reflection Spectrometry for Thin Films and Surfaces

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Characteristics of ER Spectrometry in Comparison with Transmission Measurement

9.3 Infrared ER Spectra and the Definition of Reflection–Absorbance

9.4 Reflectance on a Dielectric Material and Infrared ER Spectra

9.5 Surface Selection Rule of the Infrared ER Spectrometry

9.6 Molecular Orientation Analysis Using Infrared ER Spectra

References

Chapter 10: Reflection–Absorption Spectroscopy of Thin Layers on Metal Surfaces

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Reflection–Absorption Spectroscopy

References

Chapter 11: Polarization-Modulation Spectrometry and its Application to Reflection–Absorption Measurements

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Principles of Double-Modulation Spectrometry

11.3 Polarization-Modulation Spectrometry

11.4 Measurement of the Reflection–Absorption Spectra of Thin Films on Metal Surfaces by Polarization-Modulation Spectrometry

11.5 Application to a Reflection–Absorption Measurement

Reference

Chapter 12: Diffuse-Reflection Measurements

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Diffuse-Reflection Measurements

References

Chapter 13: Attenuated Total Reflection Measurements

13.1 Introduction

13.2 Methods of ATR Measurements

References

Chapter 14: Photoacoustic Spectrometry Measurements

14.1 Introduction

14.2 Photoacoustic Spectrometry

References

Chapter 15: Emission Spectroscopic Measurements

15.1 Introduction

15.2 Infrared Emission Measurements

15.3 Examples of Emission Spectra and Techniques and Procedures Used in Emission Measurements

References

Chapter 16: Infrared Microspectroscopic Measurements

16.1 Introduction

16.2 Mid-Infrared Microspectroscopic Measurements

16.3 Application Examples

16.4 Mapping Analysis

16.5 Depth-Profile Analysis by the Method of Gradient Shaving

References

Chapter 17: Infrared Microspectroscopic Imaging

17.1 Introduction

17.2 FT-IR Imaging Systems

17.3 Field of View and Spatial Resolution

17.4 Methods of Measurement and Data Processing

17.5 Application Example of Microspectroscopic Imaging

References

Further Reading

Chapter 18: Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

18.1 Introduction

18.2 Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

18.3 Near-Infrared Spectrometer

18.4 Optical Elements in the Near-Infrared Region

18.5 Measurements Using NIR Spectroscopy

18.6 Issues Still to be Solved in NIR Spectral Analysis

18.7 Some Examples of Near-Infrared Spectroscopic Analyses

References

Chapter 19: Far-Infrared Spectroscopy and Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy

19.1 Introduction

19.2 FT-IR Spectrometry in the Far-Infrared Region

19.3 Terahertz Time-Domain Spectrometry

References

Chapter 20: Time-Resolved Infrared Absorption Measurements

20.1 Introduction

20.2 Millisecond Time-Resolved Infrared Absorption Measurements

20.3 Microsecond to Nanosecond Time-Resolved Infrared Absorption Measurements

20.4 Picosecond to Femtosecond Time-Resolved Infrared Absorption Measurements

20.5 Points to Note Common to Time-Resolved Measurements

References

Chapter 21: Two-Dimensional Correlation Spectroscopy

21.1 Introduction

21.2 2D Correlation Spectra

21.3 Illustrative Application Examples

21.4 Concluding Remarks

References

Chapter 22: Vibrational Circular Dichroism

22.1 Introduction

22.2 Theoretical Explanation of VCD

22.3 Instrumentation for VCD Measurement

22.4 Theoretical Prediction of VCD Spectra

22.5 Models for Understanding VCD Activity

References

Part III: Appendices

Appendix A: The Speed, Frequency, Wavelength, and Wavenumber of an Electromagnetic Wave

Appendix B: Formulae Expressing the Electric Field of an Electromagnetic Wave and Related Subjects

B.1 Formulae Expressing a Propagating Electromagnetic Wave

B.2 Linearly and Circularly Polarized Radiations

Reference

Appendix C: Coherence of the Thermal Radiation

References

Appendix D: Mathematical Methods in FT-IR Spectrometry

D.1 The Fourier Transform

D.2 Convolution and the Convolution Theorem

D.3 Functions Used in FT-IR Spectrometry and their Fourier Transforms

D.4 Additional Explanations for a Few Descriptions in Chapters 4 and 6

References

Appendix E: Electromagnetic Pulse on the Time Axis and its Spectrum

Appendix F: Basic Concept of Two-Dimensional Correlation Spectroscopy

F.1 Formal Development of Correlation Spectra

F.2 Practical Significance of Correlation Spectra

F.3 Numerical Computation of Correlation Spectra

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