Monolithic Materials Preparation Properties and Applications 1st Edition by František àvec, Tatiana Tennikova, Zdeněk Deyl 0444508791 9780444508799
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ISBN 10: 0444508791
ISBN 13: 9780444508799
Author: František àvec, Tatiana B. Tennikova, Zdeněk Deyl
During the past decade, monolithic materials in the shape of discs, stacked layers, rolled sheets, sponges, irregular chunks, tubes, and cylinders have all been successfully demonstrated. These formats were prepared from a wide variety of materials including natural polymers such as cellulose, synthetic polymers that involved porous styrene-, methacrylate-, and acrylamide-based polymers, and inorganic materials, mainly silica. Each approach is interesting from the point of view of both preparation and application.
Although the current papers and patents concerned with monolithic separation media are quite numerous, the information is scattered throughout a vast number of journals. This book therefore fills the gap in the market for a comprehensive reference book on this subject.
Monolithic materials concerns all of the current formats of monolithic materials and provides an integrated view of this novel format of separation media. Since the flow pattern in monolithic devices is different from that in packed beds, the hydrodynamics of the system and mass transport differ considerably from those derived for packed columns. Therefore, this book presents contributions concerned with both flow and mass transfer in the monolithic materials. A significant proportion of the book is devoted to the applications of monolithic materials. It also provides the reader with valuable information about the sources of the specific materials, their properties, and potential applications.
· Monolithic materials are currently very popular within several scientific areas such as chromatography, optics, catalysis, diagnostics, genomics, proteomics, and microfluidics.
· Provides valuable information about the sources of the specific materials, their properties, and potential applications.
· Chapters written by leading experts in the area.
Table of contents:
Chapter 1. Historical Review
1.1 Definitions
1.2 Development of monolithic polymers
1.3 What followed
1.4 Acknowledgement
1.5 References
PART 1: PREPARATION OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF MONOLITHIC MATERIALS
Chapter 2. Rigid Macroporous Organic Polymer Monoliths Prepared by Free Radical Polymerization
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Preparation of monoliths
2.3 Macroporous polymers
2.4 Control of pore size in monoliths
2.5 Thermal stability
2.6 Hydrodynamic properties
2.7 Surface chemistry
2.8 Conclusion
2.9 Acknowledgment
2.10 References
Chapter 3. Short Monolithic Columns – Rigid Disks
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Short monolithic columns
3.3 Preparation of rigid disks
3.4 Hydrodynamic properties
3.5 Optimization of the cartridge
3.6 Conjoint Liquid Chromatography (CLC)
3.7 Scale-up and miniaturization of rigid disks
3.8 Conclusion
3.9 References
Chapter 4. Tubes
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Preparation of monoliths
4.3 Scale-up approaches
4.4 Preparation of monolithic tube columns
4.5 Mathematical modelling of methacrylate based monolith preparation
4.6 Hydrodynamic characteristics of tube monoliths
4.7 Transfer of gradient-chromatographic methods among differently sized monolithic columns
4.8 Conclusions
4.9 References
Chapter 5. Rigid Polymers Prepared by Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Synthesis of monolithic media
5.3 Conclusion
5.4 Acknowledgement
5.5 References
Chapter 6. Monolithic Polysaccharide Materials
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Monoliths based on agarose
6.3 Monoliths based on cellulose
6.4 Acknowledgement
6.5 References
Chapter 7. Monolithic Continuous Beds Prepared from Water-Soluble Acrylamide-Based Monomers
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Compressed continuous beds
7.3 Non-compressible capillary formats
7.4 Morphology of the monolithic beds
7.5 Conclusions
7.6 Acknowledgements
7.7 References
Chapter 8. Monolithic Silica Columns for Capillary Liquid Chromatography
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Theoretical considerations
8.3 Preparation of monolithic silica columns
8.4 Structural properties of monolithic silica columns
8.5 Permeability of monolithic silica columns
8.6 Chromatographic performance of monolithic silica columns
8.7 Kinetic characterization of monolithic silica columns
8.8 Properties of monolithic silica columns in CEC
8.9 Conclusion
8.10 References
Chapter 9. Monolithic Columns Prepared from Particles
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Particle-embedded monolithic columns
9.3 Particle-sintered monolithic columns
9.4 Particle-loaded monolithic columns
9.5 Particle-entrapped monolithic columns
9.6 Particle-bonded monolithic columns
9.7 Particle-crosslinked monolithic columns
9.8 Conclusions
9.9 References
Chapter 10. Layered Stacks
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Polymers and methods of construction
10.3 System performance–characterization and modeling
10.4 Niche and misfit applications
10.5 Future developments
10.6 Conclusions
10.7 References
Chapter 11. Biotextiles – Monoliths with Rolled Geometrics
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Woven matrices (textiles) as stationary phases
11.3 Characterization
11.4 Applications
11.5 Perspectives and future directions
11.6 Conclusions
11.7 Acknowledgements
11.8 References
Chapter 12. Polymerized High Internal Phase Emulsion Monoliths
12.1 Introduction
12.2 High internal phase emulsions
12.3 Preparation of polyHIPE materials
12.4 Conclusions
12.5 References
Chapter 13. Imprinted Monoliths
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Approaches to the design of imprinted binding sites
13.3 Structural control of binding sites and pore system in non-covalent imprinting
13.4 Approaches to imprinted monoliths with flow through pores
13.5 Conclusions
13.6 Acknowledgements
13.7 References
Chapter 14. Ordered Inorganic Structures
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Microporous monoliths
14.3 Mesoporous monoliths
14.4 Macroporous monoliths
14.5 Hierarchical ordered porous structures
14.6 Conclusions
14.7 Acknowledgment
14.8 References
PART 2: APPLICATIONS
Chapter 15. Flow and Mass Transfer
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Flow in monoliths
15.3 Mass transfer
15.4 Conclusions
15.5 References
Chapter 16. Theoretical Aspects of Separation Using Short Monolithic Beds
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Chromatographic separation of proteins
16.3 Major aspects of protein separation using short monolithic beds
16.4 Separation of DNA
16.5 HPDMC of small molecules
16.6 Conclusion
16.7 Acknowledgments
16.8 References
Chapter 17. Monolithic Stationary Phases for the Separation of Small Molecules
17.1 Impetus behind the development of monolithic stationary phases
17.2 Monolithic macroporous silica for HPLC
17.3 Monolithic capillary columns for μHPLC
17.4 Monolithic synthetic organic polymers for HPLC
17.5 Monolithic columns for gas chromatography
17.6 Conclusions
17.7 References
Chapter 18. Separation of Peptides and Proteins
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Ion-exchange chromatography
18.3 Reversed-phase and hydrophobic-interaction chromatography
18.4 Affinity chromatography
18.5 Conclusions
18.6 References
Chapter 19. Nucleic Acid Analysis
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Liquid Chromatographic Separation Systems for Nucleic Acids
19.3 Examples of application
19.4 Conclusions and outlook
19.5 Acknowledgments
19.6 References
Chapter 20. Synthetic Polymers
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Size exclusion chromatography
20.3 Alternative methods for separation of synthetic polymers
20.4 Column technologies for the separation of polymers
20.5 Rapid separations
20.6 Retention mechanism
20.7 Separations using non-linear gradients
20.8 Determination of molecular parameters of “real life” polymers
20.9 High-throughput determination of molecular parameters
20.10 Stability of monolithic columns
20.11 Conclusions
20.12 Acknowledgments
20.13 References
Chapter 21. Capillary Electrochromatography
21.1 Introduction
21.2 Specifics of monolithic columns in CEC
21.3 Separation modes
21.4 Summary and outlook
21.5 Acknowledgements
21.6 Abbreviations
21.7 References
Chapter 22. Large Scale Separations
22.1 Introduction
22.2 Production of large scale monoliths
22.3 Scale up models
22.4 Membrane adsorbers
22.5 Applications
22.6 Conclusion and future outlook
22.7 References
Chapter 23. Immunoaffinity Assays
23.1 Introduction
23.2 Basic concepts of immunoaffinity pairing
23.3 Immunoaffinity systems
23.4 Stationary phases
23.5 Immobilization of ligands
23.6 Macroporous monoliths in immunoaffinity assays
23.7 Conclusions
23.8 References
Chapter 24. Survey of Chromatographic and Electromigration Separations
24.1 Introduction
24.2 Hydrocarbons
24.3 Alcohols, phenols, oxo compounds, carbohydrates and organic acids
24.4 Steroids
24.5 Amines
24.6 Amino acids, peptides and proteins
24.7 Nucleic acids and their constituents
24.8 Alkaloids
24.9 Fluorescent dyes
24.10 Drugs
24.11 Conclusions
24.12 References
Chapter 25. Miniature and Microchip Technologies
25.1 Introduction
25.2 Separations
25.3 Valves
25.4 Electrokinetic pumps
25.5 Membranes
25.6 Conclusions
25.7 Acknowledgement
25.8 References
Chapter 26. Solid-Phase Extraction
26.1 Introduction
26.2 Hydrophobic sorbents
26.3 Ion exchange sorbents
26.4 Immunoaffinity sorbents
26.5 Conclusion
26.6 References
Chapter 27. Catalysts and Enzyme Reactors
27.1 Reaction kinetics in particles
27.2 Monolithic catalysts
27.3 Mass and heat transfer in monolithic catalysts
27.4 Enzyme reactors
27.5 Conclusions
27.6 References
Chapter 28. Solid Phase Synthesis and Auxiliaries for Combinatorial Chemistry
28.1 Solid phase synthesis
28.2 Reactive filtration
28.3 Solid phase synthesis of peptides
28.4 Euclidean shape-encoded libraries
28.5 Conclusion
28.6 References
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Tags: František àvec, Tatiana Tennikova, Zdeněk Deyl, Monolithic