On Ideas Aristotle’s Criticism of Plato’s Theory of Forms 1st Edition by Gail Fine 0198239491 9780198239499

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ISBN 10: 0198239491 

ISBN 13: 9780198239499

Author: Gail Fine

The Peri ideon (On Ideas) is the only work in which Aristotle systematically sets out and criticizes arguments for the existence of Platonic forms. Gail Fine presents the first full-length treatment in English of this important but neglected work . She asks how, and how well, and why and with what justification he favours an alternative metaphysical scheme. She also examines the significance of the Peri ideon for some central questions about Plato’s theory of forms – whether, for example, there are forms corresponding to every property or only to some, then to which ones; whether forms are universals, particulars, or both; and whether they are meanings, properties, or both. In addition to discussing the Peri ideon and its sources in Plato’s dialogues, Fine also provides a general discussion of Plato’s theory of forms, and of our evidence about the date, scope, and aims of the Peri ideon. While she pays careful attention to the details of the text, she also relates the issues to current philosophical concerns. The book will be valuable for anyone interested in metaphysics ancient or modern.

Table of contents:

1. TEXT AND TRANSLATION
2. INTRODUCTION

1. The interest of the Peri ideōn

2. A terminological problem

3. Realist and semantic conceptions of universals

4. Universals and particulars

5. Plato’s view

6. Forms and Aristotelian universals

7. The structure and moral of Peri ideōn I

8. Aristotle as a critic of Plato

3. EVIDENCE, PROVENANCE, AND CHRONOLOGY

1. Introduction

2. Evidence that Aristotle wrote the Peri ideōn

3. Reasons for doubting whether Aristotle wrote the Peri ideōn

4. The Peri ideōn‘s contents

5. The riddle of the Peri ideōn

6. Plato’s development

7. When was the Peri ideōn written relative to Plato’s dialogues?

8. When in Aristotle’s career was the Peri ideōn written?

4. PLATONIC QUESTIONS

1. Introduction

2. Aristotle on the origins of the theory of forms

3. The “What is F?” question

4. Socratic forms

5. Plato’s Heracleiteanism

6. Compresence, knowledge, and separation

7. Self-predication and paradigmatism

8. Conclusion

5. THE ARGUMENTS FROM THE SCIENCES: FORMS AND KNOWLEDGE

1. Introduction

2. The first Argument from the Sciences

3. The second Argument from the Sciences

4. The third Argument from the Sciences

5. Conclusion

6. FORMS OF ARTEFACTS

7. PLATO AND THE ARGUMENTS FROM THE SCIENCES

1. Socrates and the Arguments from the Sciences

2. Plato and the premises of the Arguments from the Sciences

3. Plato and the conclusion of the Arguments from the Sciences

4. The Imperfection Argument

5. Broad compresence

6. Artefact forms again

8. THE ONE OVER MANY ARGUMENT: FORMS AND PREDICATION

1. Introduction

2. The One over Many Argument

3. What is predicated?

4. Negations

5. Plato’s One over Many Argument

6. Forms of negations?

7. Separation

9. THE OBJECT OF THOUGHT ARGUMENT: FORMS AND THOUGHT

1. Introduction

2. The Object of Thought Argument

3. Aristotle’s first objection to the Object of Thought Argument

4. Aristotle’s second objection to the Object of Thought Argument

5. Plato and the Object of Thought Argument

6. Conclusion

10. THE ARGUMENT FROM RELATIVES

1. Introduction

2. An overview of the argument

3. Homonymy, synonymy, and focal connection

4. A puzzle

5. A second puzzle

6. Why equality is homonymous if it is defined in sensible terms

7. How to avoid homonymy

8. How the Argument from Relatives conceives forms

9. Why the Argument from the Relatives is a more accurate argument

10. Conclusion

11. COMPLETENESS AND COMPRESENCE: OWEN ON THE ARGUMENT FROM RELATIVES

1. Introduction

2. Completeness

3. Owen’s account of the Argument from Relatives

4. Three criticisms

12. KATH’ HAUTO AND PROS TI

1. Introduction

2. Plato on kath’ hauto and pros ti

3. Alexander on kath’ hauto and pros ti

4. The Academy on kath’ hauto and pros ti

13. ARISTOTLE’S OBJECTIONS TO THE ARGUMENT FROM RELATIVES

1. Aristotle’s first objection: No substance is a relative

2. Aristotle’s second objection: Self-predication and Uniqueness conflict

3. Aristotle’s third objection: The Argument from Relatives establishes two forms of unequal

4. A fourth objection: All forms are relatives

14. THE ACCURATE ONE OVER MANY ARGUMENT

15. THIRD MAN ARGUMENTS

1. Introduction

2. Plato’s Third Man Argument

3. The Resemblance Regress

4. Aristotle’s Peri ideon formulation of the Third Man Argument

5. Eudemus’ version of the Third Man Argument

6. Conclusion

16. IS PLATO VULNERABLE TO THE THIRD MAN ARGUMENT?

1. Some preliminaries

2. A partial escape-route

3. A problem and a possible resolution

4. The Third Bed Argument

5. Aristotle on Plato and the Third Man Argument

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