Rationality From AI to Zombies 1st Edition by Eliezer Yudkowsky ISBN 1939311144 9781939311146

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ISBN 10: 1939311144 
ISBN 13: 9781939311146
Author: Eliezer Yudkowsky

What does it actually mean to be rational? Not Hollywood-style “rational,” where you forsake all human feeling to embrace Cold Hard Logic. Real rationality, of the sort studied by psychologists, social scientists, and mathematicians. The kind of rationality where you make good decisions, even when it’s hard; where you reason well, even in the face of massive uncertainty; where you recognize and make full use of your fuzzy intuitions and emotions, rather than trying to discard them.

In “Rationality: From AI to Zombies,” Eliezer Yudkowsky explains the science underlying human irrationality with a mix of fables, argumentative essays, and personal vignettes. These eye-opening accounts of how the mind works (and how, all too often, it doesn’t!) are then put to the test through some genuinely difficult puzzles: computer scientists’ debates about the future of artificial intelligence (AI), physicists’ debates about the relationship between the quantum and classical worlds, philosophers’ debates about the metaphysics of zombies and the nature of morality, and many more. In the process, “Rationality: From AI to Zombies” delves into the human significance of correct reasoning more deeply than you’ll find in any conventional textbook on cognitive science or philosophy of mind.

A decision theorist and researcher at the Machine Intelligence Research Institute, Yudkowsky published earlier drafts of his writings to the websites Overcoming Bias and Less Wrong. “Rationality: From AI to Zombies” compiles six volumes of Yudkowsky’s essays into a single electronic tome. Collectively, these sequences of linked essays serve as a rich and lively introduction to the science—and the art—of human rationality.

Rationality From AI to Zombies 1st Table of contents:

• Book I: Map and Territory

  • A. Predictably Wrong: An introduction to cognitive biases and how our minds systematically fall short of truth.

  • B. Fake Beliefs: Examines the concept of belief and how we can hold “beliefs” that don’t correspond to reality.

  • C. Noticing Confusion: Focuses on the importance of recognizing and focusing on one’s own uncertainty and confusion as a starting point for rational thought.

  • D. Mysterious Answers: Explores the dangers of pseudo-explanations and semantic stopsigns that prevent genuine understanding.

• Book II: How to Actually Change Your Mind

  • E. Overly Convenient Excuses: Discusses common justifications and excuses for irrationality, such as humility, chance, and “the fallacy of gray.”

  • F. Politics and Rationality: A crucial sequence arguing that politics is a “mind-killer” that hinders rational thought.

  • G. Against Rationalization: Exposes the process of rationalizing pre-existing beliefs and the importance of avoiding motivated reasoning.

  • H. Against Doublethink: A deep dive into self-deception and the act of holding contradictory beliefs.

  • I. Seeing with Fresh Eyes: Provides techniques for overcoming cognitive biases like anchoring and priming to see the world more clearly.

  • J. Death Spirals: Explores how group dynamics and affective reasoning can lead to irrational feedback loops and cultish behavior.

  • K. Letting Go: Discusses the psychological difficulty of admitting error and providing advice on how to “say ‘oops'” and update beliefs in the face of new evidence.

• Book III: The Machine in the Ghost

  • L. The Simple Math of Evolution: Explores evolutionary psychology and how the simple, unthinking process of evolution shapes our minds and biases.

  • M. Fragile Purposes: Discusses the nature of minds and goals, leading into the concept of Artificial Intelligence.

• Book IV: Mere Reality

  • N. A Human’s Guide to Words: Examines how our language and concepts can mislead our thinking.

  • O. Lawful Truth: Explores the nature of physical laws and the universe.

  • P. Reductionism 101: Introduces the concept of reductionism as a tool for understanding complex systems.

  • Q. Joy in the Merely Real: A more philosophical sequence on finding wonder and appreciation in a scientific, non-magical worldview.

  • R. Physicalism 201: A deeper look into the philosophy of physicalism and the nature of consciousness.

• Book V: Mere Goodness

  • S. Quantum Physics and Many Worlds: A long sequence explaining quantum mechanics and arguing for the Many-Worlds Interpretation.

  • T. Science and Rationality: Discusses the norms and practices of science as a system for generating reliable knowledge.

  • U. Fake Preferences: Explores how our stated preferences can differ from what we truly value.

  • V. Value Theory: A deep philosophical dive into the nature of morality and values, and the difficulty of defining “goodness.”

  • W. Quantified Humanism: Discusses the ethical implications of a utilitarian framework and the challenge of valuing human life.

• Book VI: Becoming Stronger

  • X. Yudkowsky’s Coming of Age: An autobiographical sequence where the author reflects on his own past intellectual mistakes.

  • Y. Challenging the Difficult: Provides advice on how to tackle seemingly intractable problems and cultivate intellectual perseverance.

  • Z. The Craft and the Community: Discusses the social aspects of rationality and the importance of a community for practicing these skills.

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Tags: Eliezer Yudkowsky, Rationality, Zombies