Routledge Handbook of Contemporary Pakistan 1st Edition by Aparna Pande 113890371X 9781138903715

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ISBN 10: 113890371X

ISBN 13: 9781138903715

Author: Aparna Pande

With a population of 190 million, Pakistan is strategically located at the crossroads of the Middle East, Central and South Asia, and has the second largest Muslim population in the world. The Routledge Handbook of Contemporary Pakistan provides an in-depth and comprehensive coverage of issues from identity and the creation of Pakistan in 1947 to its external relations as well as its domestic social, economic and political issues and challenges. The Handbook is divided into the following sections: • Economy and development • External relations and security • Foundations and identity • Islam and Islamization • Military and jihad • Politics and institutions • Social issues The Handbook explains the reasons why Pakistan is so often at the forefront of our daily news intake, with a focus on religious and political factors. It asks questions regarding the institutions and political parties which govern Pakistan and provides an insight into the relationships which the country has forged since its creation, culminating in a discussion of the state’s involvement in conflict. Covering a range of topics, this Handbook offers a wide range of perspectives on Pakistan. Bringing together a group of leading international scholars on Pakistan, the Handbook is a cutting-edge and interdisciplinary resource for those interested in studying Pakistani politics, economics, culture and society and South Asian Studies.

Routledge Handbook of Contemporary Pakistan 1st Table of contents:

PART I Foundations and Identity
1 Escaping India: Pakistan’s Search for Identity
Constructing an Identity
The Origins and Idea of Pakistan
Partition and the Idea of Parity
The Idea of Pakistan
Notes
Bibliography

2 Pashtunistan: Postcolonial Imaginaries along Borderlands, 1947–57
The Fate of the Khudai Khidmatgars
Autonomy and the Tribal Areas
Decolonization, Space, and Authority
Postcoloniality and the Frontier
Notes
Bibliography

3 Religion, Ethnicity and Violence in Pakistan
Islamists Politics: Desire for Purity
Ethnic Politics: Search for Autonomy
The Interplay of Religion and Ethnicity
Conclusion
Bibliography

4 Jinnah’s Pakistan: Debating the Nature of the State, 1947–49
Introduction
Jinnah Before the Independence of Pakistan
Jinnah After August 15, 1947
Jinnah and the August 11, 1947, Speech
Conclusion
Bibliography

5 The Encounter with Modernity in the Rural and Tribal Areas of Pakistan in Pakistani English Fiction
Zulfikar Ghose: Predatory Capitalism in Rural Punjab
Bapsi Sidhwa: In the Name of Honor
Nadeem Aslam: The Politicization of Faith
Daniyal Mueenuddin: The Power of Zamindars and Middle Men
Jamil Ahmad: Tribal Tales
Uzma Aslam Khan: Among the Nomads
Notes
Bibliography

6 Cricket − What Unites Us
Establishing the Legend
The Turning Point
How Cricket Won the Pop-Culture Race
The Holy Alliance
Bigger than an Olive Branch
Conclusion
Bibliography

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PART II Politics and Institutions
7 Talk the Talk: Why Parties Walk and Matter (Even in Pakistan)
Introduction
Ideology and Structure
Pakistani Independence
The Modern Muslim Leagues
Bibliography

8 A Weberian Perspective on the Nature of the State in Pakistan
The Usefulness of the Concept of the “Overdeveloped State”
War-making and State-making
The Use of Islam in Pakistan’s War-Making Strategies
The Informalization of Violence
Restoring State Power
Conclusion
Notes
Bibliography

9 Profit, Protest and Power: Bazaar Politics in Urban Pakistan
Politics of Patronage
Urban Reality
Processes of Political Embedding
Conclusion
Bibliography

10 Judiciary in Crisis: Judicial Politics in Pakistan
Introduction
A Short Overview of the Structure of the Bar and the Bench in Pakistan
Putting the House in Order
The District Judiciary
‘They Rise or Sink Together…’
The Popular Judiciary
‘From Heroes to Hoodlums’
Reasons for Change in Bar–Bench Relations
Conclusion
Bibliography

11 Pakistan’s Patchwork of High Court Justice
An Introduction to the High Courts
International and Domestic Law
Environmental Law
Gender Rights
Digital Rights
Blasphemy Prosecutions
Terrorism
Conclusion
Notes
Bibliography

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PART III Economy and Development
12 Pakistan’s Elite Capture and the State of Insecurity
Introduction
Starting from Scratch
Governance – Hostage to the Ruling Elites
Pakistan’s Elite Capture
Tax Evasion
A Skewed Taxation Regime
Bank Loan Write-Offs
Feudal Rural Elites and Socio-Economic Stagnation
Epilogue
Notes
Bibliography

13 From Chaos to Building a Secure, Sustainable Energy Future
History of Energy in Pakistan
Review of the Energy Policy
Power Policy Overview
Hydrocarbon Policy
The Power Sector of Pakistan
Energy Supply and Consumption
Issues and Challenges
Conclusion and the Way Forward
Note
Bibliography

14 Pakistan, the United States and the Bretton Woods Institutions: A Continuing Great Game?
Introduction: The Issues
Increased Economic Dependency and the Pakistan–US Relationship
A Succession of Failed IMF Programs
Conclusion and Prognosis
Notes
Bibliography

15 The Banking and Financial Sector of Pakistan
Introduction
Banking in Pakistan: The Early Years
Current State of the Pakistani Banking System
Some Major Structural Issues
Islamic Banking in Pakistan
Conclusion
Notes
Bibliography

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PART IV Social Issues
16 Dissimilar Histories: History Curricula in Government and Elite Pakistani Schools
Comparing the Two Curricula
Jihad, Islam, and Islamization
1971 – Taking the Blame
The United States
Religious Minorities
Terrorism
Different Attitudes
Discussion and Implications
Notes
Bibliography

17 Pakistan’s Philanthropic Education Alternative
Introduction
Background
Philanthropic Education Alternatives
Effects of Philanthropic Schools in Pakistan
Issues – Focus on Teachers
Conclusion
Notes
Bibliography

18 Sanctioning Subordination? The Politics of Gender Laws Promulgation and Reform in Pakistan
Introduction
Existing Explanations
Defining the Key Concepts
Case Overview
Conclusion
Notes
Bibliography

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PART V Islam and Islamization
19 Explaining Support for Sectarian Terrorism in Pakistan: Piety, Maslak and Sharia
Introduction
The Role of Sipah-e-Sahaba-e-Pakistan
Extent of the Problem
Literature Review and Hypotheses
Data and Research Methods
Regression Results Discussion
Conclusions and Implications
Acknowledgements
Notes
Bibliography

20 Pakistan’s Descent into Religious Intolerance
Demography, State and Religion
Ideological State
Militarism and National Identity
A Fresh Start?
Islamization
Global Jihad
Conclusion
Notes
Bibliography

21 Competing Visions of Women’s Rights in Pakistan: State, Civil Society and Islamist Groups
The State’s Vision
Civil Society and Islamist Groups’ Vision
Notes
Bibliography

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PART VI Military and Jihad
22 W(h)ither Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde?
Bibliography

23 Rules for the Double Game
Existing Methods of Categorization
More than a Double Game
Conclusion
Notes
Bibliography

24 Violent Non-state Actors in the Afghanistan−Pakistan Relationship
Pakistan’s Creation and Pashtunistan
Pashtunistan in the AFG–PAK Relationship
Impact of Afghan–Soviet War
The Civil War and Taliban
Post-9/11 Era and Future
Note
Bibliography

25 The Other Pakistan: Understanding the Military−Jihadi Complex
Introduction
Central Idea
Defining a Complex
Can MJC Be Described as a Complex?
What Keeps It Afloat?
Why Does It Exist?
Relationship with the External World
Operating Dynamics
Conclusion
Notes
Bibliography

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PART VII External Relations and Security
26 India as a Factor in Pakistan’s Policy
Current Scenario
The Issues
The “Lesser Disputes”
Trade
Balancing with Alliances
Bibliography

27 The Afghanistan−Pakistan Conundrum
Introduction
The KKT, Pakistan and Afghanistan
AFG–PAK Relations: Pre-9/11
AFG–PAK Relations: Post-9/11
Pashtun Ethnicity and State Formation
Future Scenario
Notes
Bibliography

28 Iran and Pakistan: A Case of Keeping a Distance
Once Close Friends
The Coming of the Ayatollahs
Sectarianism and Afghanistan
Relations Post-Taliban
Note
Bibliography

29 Saudizing Pakistan: How Pakistan is Changing and What This Means
The Kingdom’s Best Friends
Shoot the Bustards
Pak-Saud History
The First Priority
Saudizing Education
The Cost of Saudization
The Military Nexus
Conclusion
Bibliography

30 Pakistan and the United States: Strategic Partnership, Discordant Goals
The Cold War
General Zia and Soviet Invasion
9/11 and War on Terror
Living with Different Objectives
Notes
Bibliography

31 Pakistan and the One Belt, One Road Initiative
China and Pakistan: Foundations
Drivers of the CPEC
OBOR and the CPEC in Motion
Prospects
Conclusion
Bibliography

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