The Handbook of Contemporary Semantic Theory 2nd Edition by Shalom Lappin, Chris Fox 1118881958 9781118881958

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ISBN 10: 1118881958
ISBN 13: 9781118881958
Author: Shalom Lappin; Chris Fox

The second edition of The Handbook of Contemporary Semantic Theory presents a comprehensive introduction to cutting-edge research in contemporary theoretical and computational semantics. Features completely new content from the first edition of The Handbook of Contemporary Semantic Theory Features contributions by leading semanticists, who introduce core areas of contemporary semantic research, while discussing current research Suitable for graduate students for courses in semantic theory and for advanced researchers as an introduction to current theoretical work

The Handbook of Contemporary Semantic Theory 2nd Table of contents:

Part I: Quantifiers, Scope, Plurals, and Ellipsis

Chapter 1: Generalized Quantifiers in Natural Language Semantics

1 Introduction

2 Definitions

3 Determiner Phrases (DPs) and Quantifiers

4 Meaning the Same on Every Universe

5 Domain Restriction

6 Boolean Operations on Quantifiers

7 Quantifiers in the Number Triangle

8 Basic Properties

9 Definiteness

10 Decomposition

11 Questions of Expressive Power

Notes

References

Chapter 2: Scope

1 Scope Basics

2 Theories of Scope

3 Continuations, Scope, and Binding

4 Kinds of Scope Taking

5 Indefinites

6 Dynamic Semantics

7 Hamblin Semantics

8 Computational Processing

Notes

References

Chapter 3: Plurals

1 Introduction

2 Basic Facts and Terminology

3 The Denotation of Referential Plurals

4 Distributivity

5 Plurals and Quantification

6 Conclusion

Notes

References

Chapter 4: Ellipsis

1 Ellipsis: A Window on Context?

2 Meeting the Ellipsis Challenge

3 Dynamic Syntax

4 Reflections

Notes

References

Part II: Modification, Presupposition, Tense, and Modality

Chapter 5: Adjectival Modification and Gradation

1 Introduction

2 Adjective-Noun Combination

3 Gradation and Degrees

4 Adjectives and Scales

5 Comparatives and Degree Operator Scope

6 Conclusion

Notes

References

Chapter 6: Presupposition and Implicature

1 Introduction

2 Presupposition

3 Conversational Implicature

4 Conventional Implicature

5 Conclusion

Notes

References

Chapter 7: The Semantics of Tense and Aspect: A Finite-State Perspective

1 Introduction: Prior and Beyond

2 Within a Timeline

3 Between Timelines

4 Behind Timelines

Notes

References

Chapter 8: Conditionals and Modality

1 Introduction

2 Formal Frameworks

3 Conditionals

4 Current Debates and Open Issues

Acknowledgments

Appendix: Proofs

Notes

References

Part III: Nondeclaratives

Chapter 9: Semantics of Questions

1 Introduction

2 Setting the Field

3 Theories of Questions

4 Minimal Erotetic Semantics: Basics and Tools

5 Minimal Erotetic Semantics: Questions

6 Erotetic Inferences and How Questions Arise

7 Other Developments

8 Further Readings

Acknowledgments

Notes

References

Chapter 10: The Semantics of Imperatives

1 Introduction

2 Examples of Imperatives

3 Problematic Cases

4 Survey of Proposals

5 A Judgmental Approach

6 Conclusions

Notes

References

Part IV: Type Theory and Computational Semantics

Chapter 11: Constructive Type Theory

1 Introduction

2 A Brief History

3 Type Theory in a Nutshell

4 Computability and Constructive Logic

5 Semantics of Natural Language

6 Related Semantic Theories

7 Type Theory as a Logical Framework

8 The Syntax-Semantics Interface

9 Type Theory and Interaction

References

Chapter 12: Type Theory with Records for Natural Language Semantics

1 Introduction

2 A Theory of Types and Situations

3 Grammar in TTR

4 A Theory of Abstract Entities

5 Interaction on Dialogue Gameboards

6 Unifying Metacommunicative and Illocutionary Interaction

7 Traditional Semantic Concerns in a Dialogue Perspective

8 Grammar in Dialogue

9 Conclusions and Future Directions

Notes

References

Chapter 13: Curry Typing, Polymorphism, and Fine-Grained Intensionality

1 Introduction

2 Higher-Order Intensional Logic

3 Property Theory with Curry Typing

4 Fine-Grained Intensionality

5 Probabilistic Semantics

6 Conclusions and Future Work

Notes

References

Chapter 14: Semantic Complexity in Natural Language

1 Introduction

2 Fragments of Language

3 Technical Background

4 Syllogistic Proof Systems

5 Basic Syllogistic Fragments: Complexity

6 Relative Clauses

7 Noun-Level Negation

8 Numerical Determiners

9 Bound-Variable Anaphora

References

Chapter 15: Implementing Semantic Theories

1 Introduction

2 Direct Interpretation or Logical Form?

3 Model Checking Logical Forms

4 Example: Implementing Syllogistic Inference

5 Implementing Fragments of Natural Language

6 Extension and Intension

7 Implementing Communicative Action

8 Resources

9 Appendix

References

Chapter 16: Vector Space Models of Lexical Meaning

1 Introduction

2 Vector Space Models for Document Retrieval

3 Representing Word Meanings as Vectors

4 Compositional Vector Space Models

5 Conclusion

6 Acknowledgements

Notes

References

Chapter 17: Recognizing Textual Entailment

1 Introduction

2 Task Definition

3 Knowledge/Inference Phenomena in Textual Entailment

4 Two Contrasting Models for RTE Inference

5 Theoretical Models for RTE Inference

6 Compromise Approaches to RTE

7 The State of the Art/Future Directions

8 Conclusions

Notes

References

Part V: Interfaces

Chapter 18: Natural Logic

1 Introduction: Logic for Natural Language, Logic in Natural Language

2 Extended Syllogistic Inference

3 Logics with Individual Variables

4 Inference with Monotonicity and Polarity

5 Conclusion

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 19: The Syntax-Semantics Interface: Semantic Roles and Syntactic Arguments

1 Introduction

2 Types of Lexical Semantic Representation

3 Isolating Semantically Relevant Facets of Meaning

4 Mapping between Lexical Semantics and Syntax

5 Conclusion

Notes

References

Chapter 20: Reference in Discourse

1 Introduction

2 Fundamentals

3 Taking Inventory

4 Form of Reference, Cognitive Status, and Conversational Implicature

5 Complexities in the Interpretation of a- and the-NPs

6 Complexities in the Interpretation of Pronouns

7 Pronouns as a Window into Referential Processing

8 Conclusion

Notes

References

Chapter 21: Probabilistic Semantics and Pragmatics Uncertainty in Language and Thought

1 Probabilistic Models of Commonsense Reasoning

2 Meaning as Condition

3 Pragmatic Interpretation

4 Semantic Indices

5 Conclusion

6 Acknowledgements

Notes

References

Chapter 22: Semantics and Dialogue

1 Introduction

2 Background: A Naïve Model of Dialogue and the Semantics/Pragmatics Interface in Dialogue

3 Some Dialogue Phenomena that Challenge the Naïve Model

4 The Semantics/Pragmatics Interface in Current Theories of Dialogue Meaning

5 Conclusions

Notes

References

Chapter 23: Semantics and Language Acquisition

1 What are Words For?

2 Starting Points

3 Early Word Use: Overextension and Restriction

4 Semantic Relations and New Words

5 Semantic Fields

6 Approaches to Word Learning

7 Constraint-Based Approaches

8 Sociopragmatic Approaches

9 Crosslinguistic Studies

10 What Children Learn about Meaning in their First Few Years

11 Negotiating Meanings in Conversation

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