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The universe in a helium droplet 1st Edition by Grigory Volovik 9780199564842 0199564841

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Author(s): Grigory E. Volovik
ISBN(s): 9780199564842, 0199564841
Edition: book draft
File Details: PDF, 2.70 MB
Year: 2003
Language: english
SKU: EB-908584 Category: Tag:

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Product details:

ISBN 10: 0199564841

ISBN 13: 9780199564842

Author: Grigory E. Volovik

There are fundamental relations between three vast areas of physics: particle physics, cosmology and condensed matter physics. The fundamental links between the first two areas, in other words, between micro- and macro- worlds, have been well established. There is a unified system of laws governing the scales from subatomic particles to the Cosmos and this principle is widely exploited in the description of the physics of the early Universe. The main goal of this book is to establish and define the connection of these two fields with condensed matter physics. According to the modern view, elementary particles (electrons, neutrinos, quarks, etc.) are excitations of a more fundamental medium called the quantum vacuum. This is the new ‘aether’ of the 21st Century. Electromagnetism, gravity, and the fields transferring weak and strong interactions all represent different types of the collective motion of the quantum vacuum. Among the existing condensed matter systems, a quantum liquid called superfluid 3He-A most closely represents the quantum vacuum. Its quasiparticles are very similar to the elementary particles, while the collective modes of the liquid are very similar to electromagnetic and gravitational fields, and the quanta of these collective modes are analogues of photons and gravitons. The fundamental laws of physics, such as the laws of relativity (Lorentz invariance) and gauge invariance, arise when the temperature of the quantum liquid decreases. This book is written for graduate students and researchers in all areas of physics.

Table of contents:

Chapter 1: Introduction: GUT and anti-GUT

Part I: Quantum Bose Liquid
Chapter 2: Gravity
Chapter 3: Microscopic Physics of Quantum Liquids
Chapter 4: Effective Theory of Superfluidity
Chapter 5: Two-fluid Hydrodynamics
Chapter 6: Advantages and Drawbacks of Effective Theory

Part II: Quantum Fermionic Liquids
Chapter 7: Microscopic Physics
Chapter 8: Universality Classes of Fermionic Vacua
Chapter 9: Effective Quantum Electrodynamics in He-3A
Chapter 10: Three Levels of Phenomenology of Superfluid He-3
Chapter 11: Momentum Space Topology of 2+1 Systems
Chapter 12: Momentum Space Topology Protected by Symmetry

Part III: Topological Defects
Chapter 13: Topological Classification of Defects
Chapter 14: Vortices in He-3B
Chapter 15: Symmetry Breaking in He-3A and Singular Vortices
Chapter 16: Continuous Structures
Chapter 17: Monopoles and Boojums

Part IV: Anomalies of Chiral Vacuum
Chapter 18: Anomalous Non-conservation of Fermionic Charge
Chapter 19: Anomalous Currents
Chapter 20: Macroscopic Parity-violating Effects
Chapter 21: Quantization of Physical Parameters

Part V: Fermions on Topological Objects and Brane World
Chapter 22: Edge States and Fermion Zero Modes on Soliton
Chapter 23: Fermion Zero Modes on Vortices
Chapter 24: Vortex Mass
Chapter 25: Spectral Flow in the Vortex Core

Part VI: Nucleation of Quasiparticles and Topological Defects
Chapter 26: Landau Critical Velocity
Chapter 27: Vortex Formation by Kelvin–Helmholtz Instability
Chapter 28: Vortex Formation in Ionizing Radiation

Part VII: Vacuum Energy and Vacuum in Non-trivial Gravitational Background
Chapter 29: Casimir Effect and Vacuum Energy
Chapter 30: Topological Defects as Source of Non-trivial Metric
Chapter 31: Vacuum under Rotation and Spinning Strings
Chapter 32: Analogs of Event Horizon

Chapter 33: Conclusion

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